Supplementation of carnitine leads to an activation of the IGF-1/PI3K/Akt signalling pathway and down regulates the E3 ligase MuRF1 in skeletal muscle of rats

Table 2 Growth performance data, skeletal muscle weights, muscle protein concentrations and muscle triglyceride concentrations of rats fed diets without (Control) or with supplemented carnitine (Carnitine)

	Control	Carnitine
Food intake (g/d)	26.3 ± 2.4	25.8 ± 2.1
Final body weight (g)	353 ± 31	334 ± 28
Feed conversion ratio (g feed/g BWG)	3.11 ± 0.54	3.20 ± 0.44
Muscle weights (g)
M. quadriceps femoris	1.08 ± 0.08	1.09 ± 0.07
M. EDL	0.51 ± 0.07	0.52 ± 0.09
M. gastrocnemius	1.86 ± 0.09	1.90 ± 0.08
M. soleus	0.15 ± 0.01	0.15 ± 0.02
Muscle protein concentration (mg/g wet tissue)
M. quadriceps femoris	108 ± 10	111± 11
M. EDL	102 ± 9	113± 10^*
M. gastrocnemius	108 ± 15	111± 15
Muscle triglyceride concentration (mg/g wet tissue)
M. quadriceps femoris	1.42 ± 0.66	1.28 ± 0.46
M. EDL	1.06 ± 0.43	0.84 ± 0.17
M. gastrocnemius	1.29 ± 0.32	1.24 ± 0.33

Values are means ± SD (n = 12/group). ^* indicates a significant difference to the control group (P < 0.05). BWG: body weight gain; M: musculus; EDL: extensor digitorum longus.

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