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Table 2 Baseline, 8 weeks, and change from baseline to 8 weeks concentrations for n3 and n6 plasma phospholipid fatty acids in μg/ml 1

From: Total dietary fat and omega-3 fatty acids have modest effects on urinary sex hormones in postmenopausal women

 

High fat

Low fat

Low fat + n-3

 

n = 17

n = 16

n = 17

p-value2

18:2n6

    

   Baseline

280.69 ± 14.57

284.66 ± 14.76

293.95 ± 14.59

0.41

   8 weeks

285.49 ± 12.54a

269.21 ± 12.86a

233.08 ± 12.59b*

0.0006

   Δ 8 weeks

4.81 ± 10.90a

−16.08 ± 11.29a

−60.85 ± 10.95b

0.0001

   p-value3

0.66

0.16

< 0.0001

 

18:3n3

    

   Baseline

4.00 ± 0.86

4.51 ± 0.88

3.22 ± 0.86

0.34

   8 weeks

2.57 ± 0.45a

3.12 ± 0.47a

6.85 ± 0.45b*

< 0.0001

   Δ 8 weeks

−1.43 ± 0.79a

−1.30 ± 0.82a

3.62 ± 0.79b

< 0.0001

   p-value3

0.08

0.12

< 0.0001

 

20:4n6

    

   Baseline

120.62 ± 7.83

121.51 ± 7.94

126.04 ± 7.84

0.59

   8 weeks

107.89 ± 7.14a*

135.62 ± 7.34b*

100.12 ± 7.17a*

0.0001

   Δ 8 weeks

−12.72 ± 5.13a

13.47 ± 5.33b

−25.90 ± 5.16a

< 0.0001

   p-value3

0.02

0.02

< 0.0001

 

20:5n-3

    

   Baseline

11.43 ± 1.77

11.80 ± 1.82

9.69 ± 1.78

0.49

   8 weeks

6.89 ± 1.80a*

9.99 ± 1.87a

29.86 ± 1.81b*

< 0.0001

   Δ 8 weeks

−4.54 ± 1.94a

−1.91 ± 2.02a

20.17 ± 1.96b

< 0.0001

   p-value3

0.02

0.35

< 0.0001

 

22:5n-3

    

   Baseline

9.94 ± 0.78

10.56 ± 0.79

10.72 ± 0.78

0.49

   8 weeks

8.41 ± 0.88a*

11.04 ± 0.91b

13.45 ± 0.89c*

< 0.0001

   Δ 8 weeks

−1.52 ± 0.69a

0.36 ± 0.72a

2.73 ± 0.70b

< 0.0001

   p-value3

0.03

0.62

0.0003

 

22:6n-3

    

   Baseline

30.18 ± 2.82

28.90 ± 2.89

29.68 ± 2.83

0.89

   8 weeks

24.06 ± 3.77a*

35.03 ± 3.90b*

55.00 ± 3.78c*

< 0.0001

   Δ 8 weeks

−6.12 ± 2.56a

5.95 ± 2.65b

25.32 ± 2.57c

< 0.0001

   p-value3

0.02

0.03

< 0.0001

 

Total n-3

    

   Baseline

59.71 ± 5.33

60.07 ± 5.42

56.75 ± 5.34

0.68

   8 weeks

44.50 ± 6.37a*

62.86 ± 6.60b

110.10 ± 6.41c*

< 0.0001

   Δ 8 weeks

−15.21 ± 4.95a

2.55 ± 5.14b

54.36 ± 4.98c

< 0.0001

   p-value3

0.004

0.62

< 0.0001

 

Total n-6

    

   Baseline

452.87 ± 21.30

456.78 ± 21.57

468.55 ± 21.34

0.53

   8 weeks

432.99 ± 18.17a

458.41 ± 18.74a

370.63 ± 18.25b*

0.0005

   Δ 8 weeks

−19.85 ± 14.82a

−0.58 ±15.34a

−97.85 ± 14.89b

< 0.0001

   p-value3

0.19

0.97

< 0.0001

 
  1. 1All values are LS means ± standard error.
  2. 2p-value for effect of treatment across the three diets evaluated using a general linear mixed model. Values with differing letters as a superscript are significantly different at p < 0.05.
  3. 3p-value for paired t-test comparing baseline and 8 weeks means within each diet.
  4. *8 week mean is significantly different from baseline mean.