Total dietary fat and omega-3 fatty acids have modest effects on urinary sex hormones in postmenopausal women

Young, Lindsay R; Raatz, Susan K; Thomas, William; Redmon, J Bruce; Kurzer, Mindy S

doi:10.1186/1743-7075-10-36

Nutrition & Metabolism

Table 3 Baseline and 8 week values for urinary estrogens and metabolites for the HF, LF and LFn3 ^a

From: Total dietary fat and omega-3 fatty acids have modest effects on urinary sex hormones in postmenopausal women

Analyte	HF	LF	LFn3	P-value^d
Analyte	n = 15^b	n = 15^c	n = 16	P-value^d
Estrone (E1) (nmol/day)
Baseline	6.7 (4.8, 9.5)	7.2 (5.1, 10.1)	8.1 (5.8, 11.5)	0.36
8 weeks	6.3 (4.4, 9.1) ^§	9.9 (6.9, 14.2) ^†**	8.5 (5.9, 12.1) ^†	0.004
P-value^e	0.39	0.02	0.92
Estradiol (E2) (nmol/day)
Baseline	2.0 (1.0, 3.8)	2.2 (1.2, 4.3)	1.4 (0.7, 2.6)	0.36
8 weeks	1.0 (0.5, 2.1)	2.1 (1.0, 4.4)	1.7 (0.8, 3.4)	0.12
P-value^e	0.37	0.47	0.83
Estriol (E3) (nmol/day)
Baseline	7.2 (3.1, 16.8)	8.5 (3.6, 19.9)	10.8 (4.7, 25.0)	0.62
8 weeks	11.8 (6.3, 22.0)	14.3 (7.7, 26.7)	11.7 (6.3, 21.5)	0.79
P-value^e	0.84	0.12	0.64
E1 + E2 + E3 (nmol/day)
Baseline	22.9 (15.3, 34.4)	24.8 (16.6, 37.1)	23.0 (15.4, 34.2)	0.77
8 weeks	21.5 (14.3, 32.2)^§	35.7 (23.9, 53.4)^†**	26.8 (18.1, 39.8)^§†	0.03
P-value^e	0.51	0.02	0.60
2-hydroxyestrone (2OH-E1) (nmol/day)
Baseline	22.7 (16.5, 31.2)^§†	25.0 (18.2, 34.4)^§	18.5 (13.5, 25.3)^†	0.02
8 weeks^f	17.6 (13.7, 22.7)	20.4 (15.8, 26.3)	24.1 (18.8, 30.9)	0.23
P-value^e	0.19	0.81	0.29
2-methoxyestrone (2-ME1)(nmol/day)
Baseline	1.6 (0.7, 3.8)	3.4 (1.5, 7.8)	3.1 (1.4, 7.1)	0.21
8 weeks	1.4 (0.7, 3.1)	2.1 (0.9, 4.5)	3.3 (1.5, 7.1)	0.23
P-value^e	0.98	0.48	0.91
2-methoxyestradiol (2-ME2) (nmol/day)
Baseline	1.3 (0.6, 3.3)	3.9 (1.6, 9.4)	1.7 (0.7, 3.9)	0.09
8 weeks	0.9 (0.4, 2.1)	1.0 (0.4, 2.3)	1.7 (0.8, 4.0)	0.39
P-value^e	0.84	0.08	0.57
4-hydroxyestrone (4OH-E1) (nmol/day)
Baseline	0.78 (0.51, 1.21)	1.08 (0.70, 1.68)	1.17 (0.76, 1.80)	0.21
8 weeks	0.92 (0.66, 1.27)	1.05 (0.76, 1.45)	1.28 (0.93, 1.75)	0.25
P-value^e	0.64	0.93	0.50
16α-hydroxyestrone (16αOH-E1) (nmol/day)
Baseline	2.03 (1.10, 3.75)	2.39 (1.29, 4.44)	1.70 (0.93, 3.11)	0.62
8 weeks	1.50 (0.82, 2.74)	2.34 (1.27, 4.29)	2.03 (1.12, 3.65)	0.52
P-value^e	0.47	0.22	0.32
Total Estrogens (nmol/day)
Baseline	73.7 (52.7, 100.1)	83.7 (60.9, 115.0)	72.8 (53.1, 99.6)	0.38
8 weeks	65.5 (45.8, 93.8)	86.4 (60.7, 123.0)	80.6 (57.0, 113.9)	0.27
P-value^e	0.78	0.54	0.40
2:16αOH-E1 ratio (nmol/day)
Baseline	11.3 (5.4, 23.6)	10.5 (5.0, 21.9)	10.8 (5.3, 22.4)	0.98
8 weeks	11.9 (5.7, 25.2)	10.0 (4.7, 21.3)	10.4 (5.0, 21.7)	0.90
P-value^e	0.90	0.12	0.72

HF: high fat diet; LF: low fat diet; LFn3: low fat + omega-3 fatty acids diet; E1: estrone;
2:16αOH-E1 ratio: 2-hydroxy estrone:16α-hydroxy estrone ratio.
^aAll values are geometric means (95% confidence interval).
^bOne subject was missing urines for HF diet, thus n = 15 for HF.
^cOne subject was missing urines for LF diet, thus n = 15 for LF.
^dP-value for effect of treatment across the three diets; values with differing symbols (§,†) as a superscript are significantly different.
^eP-value for paired t-test comparing baseline and 8 weeks means within each diet.
**8 weeks mean is significantly different from baseline mean.
^f8 weeks means were adjusted for baseline 2OH-E1.

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ISSN: 1743-7075

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