Carnitine supplementation to obese Zucker rats prevents obesity-induced type I to type II muscle fiber transition and favors an oxidative phenotype of skeletal muscle

Table 6 Relative mRNA levels of genes involved in angiogenesis, mitochondrial respiratory chain and uncoupling proteins in M. rectus femoris of lean rats (lean control), obese Zucker rats fed a control diet (obese control) or obese Zucker rats fed a diet supplemented with 3 g/kg diet carnitine (obese carnitine) for 4 wk ¹

	Lean	Obese	Obese
	control	control	carnitine
	Fold of obese control
Angiogenesis
VEGFA	0.81 ± 0.18	1.00 ± 0.30	1.30 ± 0.37
VEGFB	1.62 ± 0.35^ab	1.00 ± 0.19^b	2.21 ± 0.28^a
TCA cycle and respiratory chain
SDHA	1.26 ± 0,25^ab	1.00 ± 0.24^b	2.18 ± 0.40^a
Thermogenesis
UCP1	1.67 ± 0.35^b	1.00 ± 0.12^b	7.06 ± 1.27^a
UCP2	1.07 ± 0.23^b	1.00 ± 0.24^b	3.39 ± 0.34^a
UCP3	0.97 ± 0.20	1.00 ± 0.25	1.92 ± 0.70

¹Data are expressed as means ± SEM, n = 12 rats/group. Means and SEM of the other groups were presented as fold of the obese control group, which mean was set to 1. Means in a row without a common letter differ (P < 0.05).

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