Figure 5From: Grape seed proanthocyanidins ameliorate pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction and death in low-dose streptozotocin- and high-carbohydrate/high-fat diet-induced diabetic rats partially by regulating endoplasmic reticulum stressEffect of GSPs on islet cell apoptosis in normal and diabetic rats. The slides were visualized by fluorescence microscope. The insulin antibody and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled secondary antibody were used to probe insulin (green). 4’, 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) was used to visualize nuclei (blue). Apoptotic cells exhibited strong nuclear red fluorescence using regional terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining. See Figure 2 for groups and treatment. Scale bar = 50 μm.Back to article page