Figure 8

Sudachitin increases energy metabolism-related gene expressions by activating mitochondrial biogenesis. Relative mRNA expression of energy metabolism-related genes in the gastrocnemius muscle (A, B) and brown adipose tissue (A). Gene expression was normalized for GAPDH in both tissues. Phosphorylation of AMPK in sudachitin- or vehicle-treated mice with or without insulin (C). Protein expression of GLUT4 in mice administrated vehicle or sudachitin (D). Skeletal muscle ATP content in mice fed a high-fat diet and treated with sudachitin or vehicle (E). Citrate synthase activity was measured in mitochondria isolated from high-fat diet-fed mice treated with 5 mg/kg sudachitin or vehicle (F). Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation. *P < 0.05 vs. the indicated group. Closed bars; vehicle-treated group; open bars: sudachitin-treated group.