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Table 3 Subject characteristics of the whey with α-lactalbumin, soy and beef protein groups

From: No protein intake compensation for insufficient indispensable amino acid intake with a low-protein diet for 12 days

 

Whey protein

Soy protein

Beef protein

Participants, M/F ( n )

16/23

24/26

30/28

Age (y)

35 ± 17

34 ± 19

33 ± 16

Age range (y)

18 – 70

18 – 69

19 – 70

Height (cm)

172 ± 11

174 ± 10

169 ± 10

BW (kg)

68.6 ± 13.8

73.6 ± 12.3

69.8 ± 11.8

BMI (kg/m 2 )

23.1 ± 3.5

24.3 ± 3.2

24.4 ± 4.0

BMI range (kg/m 2 )

18.2 – 33.9

18.1 – 33.4

18.7 – 38.7

BMR (MJ/d)

6.5 ± 1.2

6.9 ± 1.0

6.7 ± 1.0

PAL

1.76 ± 0.15

1.75 ± 0.14

1.73 ± 0.16

DER (MJ/d)

11.4 ± 2.0

12.1 ± 2.1

11.5 ± 2.1

TFEQ Dietary restraint score

6 ± 4

5 ± 3

6 ± 4

TFEQ Disinhibition score

4 ± 2

4 ± 3

4 ± 3

TFEQ Hunger score

4 ± 2

4 ± 3

4 ± 3

  1. Values shown as means ± SDs.
  2. There were no significant differences between the protein groups (factorial ANOVA).
  3. BMR, basal metabolic rate; BW, body weight; DER, daily energy requirement; PAL, physical activity level; TFEQ, Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire.