Table 5 Time course changes in plasma concentrations of selected amino acids in subjects with metabolic syndrome ¹

Arginine

8.7 ± 0.7

11.3 ± 0.8**

11.9 ± 1.0**

9.3 ± 0.9

8.5 ± 0.8

8.6 ± 0.4

9.6 ± 0.5

10.5 ± 0.7*

8.9 ± 0.6

7.7 ± 0.4

Asparagine

6.3 ± 0.8

8.7 ± 0.8**

8.4 ± 0.8**

6.4 ± 0.4

6.3 ± 0.5

6.3 ± 0.4

7.2 ± 0.5

8.0 ± 0.4**

6.6 ± 0.4

5.9 ± 0.2

Serine

12.9 ± 1.7

13.3 ± 0.8

15.2 ± 1.5

12.3 ± 1.6

11.5 ± 1.1

13.3 ± 1.4

15.4 ± 1.4

15.8 ± 1.4**

13.8 ± 1.4

12.7 ± 1.4

Glutamine

99.5 ± 7.0

90.9 ± 7.4*

95.6 ± 6.7

89.6 ± 4.1*

94.3 ± 4.8

99.7 ± 6.4

95.7 ± 6.5

103.1 ± 4.7

102.7 ± 6.5

103.4 ± 7.0

Taurine

8.6 ± 0.8

7.7 ± 0.5

8.0 ± 0.6

8.5 ± 0.6

8.6 ± 0.5

8.8 ± 0.5

7.4 ± 0.3*

8.3 ± 0.3

8.3 ± 0.5

8.2 ± 0.4

Glycine

36.7 ± 3.6

36.6 ± 3.4

37.4 ± 3.5

33.4 ± 2.5*

37.1 ± 4.8*

40.2 ± 3.8

35.8 ± 2.2

38.5 ± 2.5

34.5 ± 2.5**

32.9 ± 2.4*

Proline

65.8 ± 3.8

79.6 ± 5.5**

86.7 ± 7.8**

74.6 ± 4.6**

74.4 ± 6.3

68.5 ± 3.8

83.2 ± 5.0*

101.6 ± 5.8**

99.4 ± 5.9**

88.1 ± 5.9**

Lysine

16.6 ± 1.7

19.6 ± 2.5

19.4 ± 2.4

15.6 ± 2.3

16.8 ± 2.0

15.1 ± 1.1

20.5 ± 2.4*

18.6 ± 1.6**

19.8 ± 2.9

18.0 ± 2.1

Valine

99.0 ± 7.2

108.0 ± 6.5**

109.4 ± 7.6*

95.3 ± 6.3

93.2 ± 4.4

88.9 ± 4.7

101.3 ± 4.9*

112.2 ± 4.0**

111.1 ± 6.6**

103.4 ± 5.1**

Isoleucine

35.4 ± 2.6

47.6 ± 2.6**

47.8 ± 3.1**

38.4 ± 2.4

36.5 ± 1.7

31.7 ± 2.1

44.4 ± 2.8**

47.7 ± 2.2**

43.0 ± 3.2**

38.2 ± 3.1*

Leucine

78.2 ± 4.9

98.3 ± 4.4**

93.7 ± 4.8**

72.2 ± 3.6*

68.8 ± 2.6*

70.4 ± 4.9

100.6 ± 4.3**

103.5 ± 2.2**

90.4 ± 5.8**

83.8 ± 4.8*

∑BCAA

212.6 ± 18.7

253.9 ± 18.7*

251.0 ± 18.5*

205.9 ± 16.5

242.4 ± 21.1

196.2 ± 17.8

243.1 ± 18.4

264.8 ± 20.4*

247.6 ± 20.4*

224.0 ± 19.2*

∑Total AA ²

538.0 ± 62.8

585.7 ± 56.9**

605.4 ± 69.1**

515.6 ± 51.1

527.2 ± 125.8

489.0 ± 24.3

546.5 ± 24.7

602.4 ± 21.5**

569.7 ± 31.1**

527.2 ± 32.5