Association between smoking and total energy expenditure in a multi-country study

Nutrition & Metabolism

Table 3 Association between the differences in total energy expenditure (TEE) between smokers and non smokers according to smoking intensity and sex

		Men (n = 104)			Women (n = 132)			All (n = 236)
Adjustment*	Smoking	β	SE	P	β	SE	P	β	SE	P
None	Low	90	134	0.503	24	125	0.851	57	89	0.522
	High	356	163	0.031*	172	131	0.191	281	103	0.007*
Sites	Low	83	121	0.492	−56	126	0.660	1	88	0.987
	High	299	151	0.052	114	135	0.402	157	105	0.134
Sites, age	Low	82	122	0.504	−48	125	0.696	−2.8	87	0.974
	High	296	153	0.057	115	130	0.392	148	103	0.156
Sites, age, weight	Low	163	108	0.134	86	105	0.417	121	75	0.107
	High	327	134	0.017*	236	112	0.039*	260	88	0.003*
Sites, age, fat-free mass	Low	132	94	0.163	22	76	0.774	73	60	0.226
	High	290	118	0.016*	−5	82	0.949	155	71	0.031*
Sites, age, weight, alcohol, occupation, PA	Low	132	108	0.228	31	106	0.774	80	74	0.282
	High	298	146	0.045*	162	117	0.170	215	93	0.022*
Sites, age, fat-free mass, alcohol, occupation, PA	Low	94	94	0.316	−21	78	0.788	37	60	0.544
	High	245	127	0.058	−76	87	0.380	105	76	0.170

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