Table 2 List of clinical trials investigating the effect of CLA consumption on body composition; ↑- increased; ↓- decreased; ↔ no change in
From: Pros and cons of CLA consumption: an insight from clinical evidences
Subjects | Body type | Age | BMI kg/m 2 | Dosage (g/d) | Composition | Placebo | Duration | Measurement | Effect of CLA | Country/State | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
60 | Overweight/obese |  |  | 1.7, 3.4, 5.1 or 6.8 | 9 and 10-CLA (50:50) | Olive oil | 12 wk | Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry | ↓ bodyfat mass | Norway | [36] |
54 | Overweight | 20-50 | 27.81 ± 1.5 | 1.8 or 3.6 | Tonalin™ | OA | 13 wk | Hydrodensitometry/deuterium dilution | ↑ body weight maintenance after weight loss | The Netherlands | [37] |
17 | Normal | 20-41 | - | 3 | CLA Pharmanutrients Inc. | Sunflower oil | 64 d | Dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) | ↔ body weight | The USA | [38] |
60 | Overweight/obese | >18 | 27.5-39.0 | 3.4 | Tonalin™ | Olive oil | 12 wk | bioelectrical impedance, Dual x-ray absorptiometry | ↓ Mean body weight & BMI | Norway | [39] |
48 | Normal/obese | 18-50 | 30-35 | 3.2 or 6.4 | 9 & 10-CLA (50:50) | Safflower oil | 12 wk | Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry | ↑ LBM | The USA | [40] |
24 | Normal | 19–24 | >30 | 0.7-1.4 | 9 & 10-CLA (50:50) | Soybean oil | 8 wk | Skinfold thickness | ↓ bodyfat mass | - | [25] |
20 | Normal | 18-30 | >25 | 1.8 | Tonalin™ | Hydrogel | 12 wk | Near infrared light utilizing a Futrex 5000 A instrument | ↓ body fat ↔ body weight | Norway | [41] |
23 | Normal |  |  | 3 | Tonalin™ | Olive oil | 28 d | Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry | ↔ fat mass | The USA | [42] |
30 | Overweight/obese | 35-55 | >25 | 3.2 | Tonalin™ | Safflower oil | 12 wk | Computed tomography | ↔ visceral adipose tissue | The USA | [22] |
118 | Overweight/obese | 18-65 | 28–32 | 3.4 | Clarinol™ | Olive oil | 6 mnt | Waist–hip ratio | ↓ bodyfat mass | Norway | [43] |
85 | Overweight/obese | 45-68 | 25–35 | 4.5 | Tonalin TG 80 | Safflower/olive oil | 4 wk | Waist/hip ratio | ↓ body weight | Germany | [44] |
32 | Normal |  |  | 1.3 | naturally or synthetically with 9 & 10-CLA | Untreated milk | 8 wk | Magnetic resonance imaging | ↔ fat mass | Canada | [45] |
81 | overweight | 35-65 | 25-30 | 1.5/3 | Dairy drink with 9 & 10-CLA | OA/ sunflower oil | 18 wk | Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry | ↔ body composition | The Netherlands | [46] |
60 | overweight | 35-65 | 25–35 | 3 | Milk with 9 & 10-CLA | Skimmed milk | 12 wk | Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry | ↓ body fat mass | Spain | [47] |
55 | Obese | ≤70 | >30 | 8 | CLA mixture | Safflower oil | 36 wk | Anthropometry | ↔ BMI; ↑ lean mass | The USA | [20] |
76 | Normal | 18 - 45 | - | 5 | Tonalin | Sunflower oil | 14 wk | Air displacement plethysmography | ↑ lean tissue mas;↓ body fat mass | Canada | [48] |
81 | Postmenopausal women | >35 |  | 4.7 | 9 & 10-CLA (50:50) | Olive oil | 8 wk | Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry | ↓ total fat mass and lower body fat mass | Denmark | [49] |
33 | Type-2 diabetes patients | 35-50 | 25-30 | 8 | 9 & 10-CLA (50:50) | Soybean oil | 8 wk | Bioelectrical impedance, anthropometry | ↔ body composition | Iran | [50] |