Transcriptional regulation of lipid metabolism by fatty acids: a key determinant of pancreatic β-cell function

Nutrition & Metabolism

Table 1 Selected hepatic PPARα regulated genes with at least one functional peroxisome proliferator receptor element (PPRE) identified within the promoter sequence

Gene	Function	Species	References
Acyl CoA binding protein	fatty acyl-CoA ester transport	rat	127
Acyl CoA oxidase	peroxisomal β-oxidation	rat, human	128-130
Apolipoprotein-AI and AII	plasma HDL metabolism	human, mouse, rat	131-134
Apolipoprotein-AV	plasma triglyceride metabolism	human	134
Apolipoprotein-CIII	plasma HDL metabolism	rat	135
Bifunctional enzyme	peroxisomal β-oxidation	rat	136
Carnitine palmitoyl transferase-I and -II	mitochondrial β-oxidation	human, mouse, rat, hamster	132, 137-139
Cytochrome P450 enzymes	fatty acid and cholesterol metabolism	rat, mouse, human	130, 141-145
Δ6- and Δ5-desaturase	desaturation of fatty acyl-CoA	mouse	146
Fatty acid binding protein	fatty acid binding/transport	mouse	147
Fatty acid transport protein and translocase	fatty acid transport	mouse	148, 149
Lipoprotein lipase	triglyceride clearance	mouse	148, 149
Liver X receptor α	cholesterol metabolism	mouse	150, 151
Long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase	fatty acid activation	human, mouse	139, 152
Malic enzyme	fatty acid synthesis	mouse, rat	153, 154
Mitochondrial HMG-CoA synthase	ketogenesis	rat, human	152, 155
Medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase	mitochondrial β-oxidation	mouse	138, 139
Phospholipid transfer protein	HDL metabolism	human	156
Stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1	desaturation of fatty acyl CoA	mouse	157
Superoxide dismutase	free radical metabolism	rat	158
Thiolase B	mitochondrial β-oxidation	rat	159
Transferrin	iron transport	human	160
Very long- and long-chain acyl CoA dehydrogenases	mitochondrial β-oxidation	mouse	139

Abbreviations: HDL, high density lipoprotein; HMG-CoA, hydroxymethylglutaryl-Coenzyme A

ISSN: 1743-7075