Carbohydrate restriction improves the features of Metabolic Syndrome. Metabolic Syndrome may be defined by the response to carbohydrate restriction

Volek, Jeff S; Feinman, Richard D

doi:10.1186/1743-7075-2-31

Table 4 :

From: Carbohydrate restriction improves the features of Metabolic Syndrome. Metabolic Syndrome may be defined by the response to carbohydrate restriction

					CHANGE
Reference	#	Subjects	Duration	Diet	CHO (g/d)	weight (%)	HDL (%)	TAG (%)	TAG/HDL (%)	Glucose (%)	Insulin (%)	DBP (mm Hg)
Brehm et al. 2003	1	Obese Women	6 mo	Low-CHO	41–97	*-9.3*	*13.4*	*-23.4*	*-32.4*	*-9.1*	-14.8	-5
				LF	163–169	*-4.2*	*8.4*	*1.6*	*-6.3*	*-4.0*	-23.0	-1
Sondike et al. 2003	2	Overweight Adolescents	12 wk	Low-CHO	37	*-10.7*	*8.7*	*-40.5*	*-45.2*
				LF	154	*-4.1*	*4.2*	*-5.4*	*-9.2*
Samaha et al. 2003	3	Obese Men/Women	6 mo	Low-CHO	150	*-4.5*	*0.0*	*-20.2*	*-20.2*	*-8.6*	-27.3
				LF	201	*-1.4*	*-2.4*	-4	*-1.6*	*-1.6*	5.6
Foster et al. 2003	4	Obese Men/Women	1 yr	Low-CHO	ad lib	*-7.3*	*18.2*	*-28.1*	*-29.5*
				LF	ad lib	*-4.5*	*1.4*	*0.7*	*-2.6*
Volek et al. 2004	5	Overweight Women	4 wk	Low-CHO	29	*-3.9*	*1.3*	*-23*	*-28.3*	*-3.8*	*-8.8*
				LF	186	*-1.4*	*-8.6*	*-11.2*	*-4.2*	*1.3*	*23.2*
Sharman et al. 2004	6	Overweight Men	6 wk	Low-CHO	36	*-5.6*	*-3.3*	*-44.1*	*-42.3*	*-5.8*	*-41.5*
				LF	224	*-3.6*	*-6.6*	*-15*	*-8.3*	*-5.2*	*-28.1*
Brehm et al. 2004	7	Obese Women	4 mo	Low-CHO	69	*-10.8*	*16.3*	*-37.3*	*-46.1*			-9
				LF	174	*-6.8*	*4.5*	*-10.3*	*-14.2*			-3
Meckling et al. 2004	8	Obese Men/Women	10 wk	Low-CHO	59	*-7.7*	*12.2*	*-29.4*	*-37.1*	-8.0	*-28.7*	*-6.1*
				LF	225	*-7.4*	*-15.4*	*-25.4*	*-11.8*	-10.2	*-3.3*	-5
Stern et al. 2004	9	Obese Men/Women	1 yr	Low-CHO	120	*-3.9*	*-2.8*	*-28.6*	*-26.8*
				LF	230	*-2.3*	*-12.3*	*2.7*	*29.6*
Yancy et al. 2004	10	Obese Men/Women	24 wk	Low-CHO	30	*-12.3*	*9.8*	*-47.2*	*-51.8*			-6
				LF	198	*-6.7*	*-2.9*	*-14.4*	*-12.1*			*-5.2*
Aude et al. 2004	11	Obese Men/Women	12 wk	Low-CHO	ad lib	*-6.2*	*-2.6*	*-23.2*	*-21.1*
				LF	ad lib	*-3.4*	-7	*-10.5*	*-3.8*
Seshadri et al. 2004	12	Obese Men/Women	6 mo	Low-CHO	113	*(-8.5)*	-2.4	*-7.4*			*-40*
				LF	198	*(-3.5 kg)*	-2.4	*-2.3*			*11.2*
McAuley et al. 2004	13	Obese Women	8 wk	Low-CHO	41	*-6.9*	*0.9*	*-38.8*	*-44.2*	*-5.9*	*-39.3*
				LF	172	*-4.4*	-6	*-17.5*	*-15.1*	*-0.1*	*-28.4*
				Mod-PRO	130	*-5.8*	*-4.1*	*-33.9*	*-31.8*	*-3.9*	*-24.4*
Dansinger et al. 2004	14	Obese Men/Women	2 mo	Low-CHO	103	-4.7	*8.8*	*-27.6*	*-26.20*	*-10*	*-29.5*
				Mod-PRO	158	-4.6	*4.6*	*-34*	*-30.50*	*-9.3*	*-27.7*
				LF	183	-4.3	*-0.6*	*-7.1*	*-5.60*	*-5.7*	*-11*
				UltraLF	230	-4.9	*-10.9*	*-0.6*	*8.40*	*-3.5*	*-7.7*

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