Table 4 Serum test results (n = 21)
From: A low-carbohydrate, ketogenic diet to treat type 2 diabetes
Measurement | Week 0 Mean (SD) | Week 16 Mean (SD) | Change % | p value* |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Hemoglobin A1c, % | 7.5 (1.4) | 6.3 (1.0) | -16.0 | <0.001 |
Glucose, mmol/L | 9.08 (4.09) | 7.57 (2.63) | -16.6 | 0.04 |
Total cholesterol†, mmol/L | 4.61 (1.40) | 4.54 (1.26) | -1.5 | 0.7 |
Triglyceride†, mmol/L | 2.69 (2.87) | 1.57 (1.38) | -41.6 | 0.001 |
HDL-C†, mmol/L | 0.92 (0.20) | 0.99 (0.22) | 7.6 | 0.08 |
LDL-C†, mmol/L | 2.51 (0.64) | 2.77 (0.89) | 10.4 | 0.1 |
Sodium, mmol/L | 138.2 (3.4) | 140.2 (3.4) | 1.4 | 0.02 |
Potassium, mmol/L | 4.2 (0.4) | 4.2 (0.3) | 0 | 0.2 |
Chloride, mmol/L | 101.0 (3.4) | 103.8 (2.8) | 2.8 | 0.001 |
Bicarbonate, mmol/L | 28.8 (2.0) | 28.2 (2.5) | -2.1 | 0.3 |
Urea nitrogen, mg/dL | 5.90 (1.90) | 6.27 (1.81) | 6.3 | 0.3 |
Creatinine, μmol/L | 82.8 (20.4) | 79.9 (19.1) | -3.5 | 0.3 |
Calcium†, mmol/L | 2.32 (0.11) | 2.33 (0.08) | 0.4 | 0.8 |
Uric acid†, μmol/L | 403.5 (94.6) | 352.1 (85.4) | -10.3 | 0.01 |
TSH†, mIU/L | 1.6 (1.0) | 1.4 (0.7) | -12.7 | 0.2 |
Hemoglobin, g/L | 142 (11) | 141 (10) | -0.7 | 0.8 |