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Table 4 Dimethylarginines and some associated variables, markers of peroxidation and carbohydrates at baseline and after 36 months according to the intervention strategies. Median values (25, 75 percentiles) are given.

From: Effect of diet and omega-3 fatty acid intervention on asymmetric dimethylarginine

 

No Diet Intervention

Diet Intervention

Placebo (corn oil)

n-3 PUFA

  
 

Baseline (n = 279)

36 Months (n = 241)

Baseline (n = 279)

36 Months (n = 244)

Baseline (n = 281)

36 Months (n = 239)

Baseline (n = 282)

36 Months (n = 248)

p1

p2

ADMA (μM)

1.42 (1.11, 1.75)

1.41 (1.14, 1.78)

1.38 (1.15, 1.76)

1.40 (1.12, 1.77)

1.38 (1.10, 1.77)

1.39 (1.14, 1.80)

1.39 (1.16, 1.75)

1.42 (1.13, 1.76)

0.62

0.93

SDMA (μM)

0.23 (0.17, 0.33)

0.26 (0.17, 0.38)*

0.23 (0.16, 0.34)

0.26 (0.17, 0.39)

0.22 (0.16, 0.33)

0.26 (0.18, 0.38)

0.23 (0.17, 0.34)

0.26 (0.17, 0.39)

0.24

0.71

L-arginine (μM)

85 (76, 97)

85 (76, 94)

86 (76, 98)

86 (75, 99)

87 (76, 97)

84 (75, 95)

85 (77, 97)

88 (76, 97)

0.80

<0.05

L-arg/ADMA

62 (48, 76)

59 (47, 77)

61 (49, 78)

61 (49, 80)

62 (49, 78)

60 (47, 77)

62 (48, 77)

61 (49, 80)

0.97

0.32

Nitrate/nitrite (μM)

26.2 (22.0, 34.4)

27.6 (21.7, 34.3)

25.9 (21.5, 35.2)

26.4 (21.7, 34.4)

25.5 (21.6, 36.1)

27.3 (21.5, 34.8)

27.4 (21.9, 34.3)

27.1 (21.9, 34.2)

0.99

0.65

oxLDL-C (U/L)

68 (57, 80)

61 (47, 74)

65 (53, 84)

59 (48, 75)

65 (54, 82)

60 (47, 74)

69 (55, 82)

60 (49, 74)

0.49

0.25

TBARS (μmol/L)

1.20 (0.96, 1.68)

1.28 (0.96, 1.76)

1.20 (0.96, 1.60)

1.20 (0.88, 1.60)

1.20 (0.96, 1.60)

1.28 (0.96, 1.68)

1.20 (0.96, 1.68)

1.20 (0.88, 1.68)

0.75

0.73

Glucose (mmol/L)

5.6 (5.3, 6.3)

5.5 (5.0, 6.1)

5.6 (5.3, 6.2)

5.4 (5.0, 5.9)

5.6 (5.3, 6.3)

5.5 (5.0, 6.1)

5.6 (5.2, 6.1)

5.5 (5.0, 6.0)

0.08

0.75

HbA1c (%)

5.6 (5.3, 5.9)

5.7 (5.5, 6.1)

5.6 (5.3, 5.8)

5.7 (5.5, 5.9)

5.6 (5.4, 5.9)

5.7 (5.5, 6.1)

5.5 (5.3, 5.8)

5.7 (5.5, 5.9)

0.41

0.31

Insulin (pmol/L)

112 (92, 153)

109 (85, 139)

121 (94, 154)

105 (83, 131)

120 (94, 155)

109 (87, 143)

113 (92, 152)

103 (79, 131)

0.28

0.35

HOMA score

4.0 (3.0, 5.7)

3.7 (2.8, 5.0)

4.3 (3.2, 5.5)

3.6 (2.7, 4.7)

4.3 (3.3, 5.8)

3.7 (2.9, 5.3)

4.0 (3.0, 5.6)

3.5 (2.7, 4.6)

0.16

0.40

Creatinine (μmol/L)

88 (80, 96)

96 (89, 109)

88 (81, 99)

97 (89, 109)

88 (80, 96)

96 (87, 106)

88 (81, 98)

97 (89, 110)

<0.05

0.21

BMI (kg/m2)

26.5 (24.3, 28.7)

26.6 (24.6, 29.3)

26.5 (24.0, 28.5)

26.2 (23.8, 28.7)

26.6 (23.9, 28.8)

26.8 (24.3, 29.3)

26.4 (24.2, 28.4)

26.3 (24.3, 28.4)

<0.05

0.071

SBP (mmHg)

149 (134, 160)

143 (132, 156)

147 (137, 161)

142 (128, 154)

148 (134, 161)

142 (129, 156)

148 (138, 160)

142 (131, 154)

0.40

0.48

DBP (mmHg)

83 (76, 91)

79 (72, 87)

84 (77, 91)

78 (70, 86)

84 (77, 91)

78 (70, 87)

84 (77, 91)

78 (71, 86)

0.09

0.40

  1. TBARS: thiobarbituric-acid-reacting substances, BMI: Body mass index, SBP: systolic blood pressure, DBP: diastolic blood pressure.
  2. * p <0.05, p <0.01, p <0.001, refers to intra group changes from baseline to 36 months.
  3. p1 and p2, refers to differences in changes from baseline to 36 months between diet and no-diet intervention, and PUFA and placebo supplementation, respectively.