Effect of prolonged intravenous glucose and essential amino acid infusion on nitrogen balance, muscle protein degradation and ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme gene expression in calves

Table 1 Mean plasma metabolites and hormones concentrations in calves over the final 6 hours of a five day intravenous infusion of saline (control); glucose; essential amino acids (EAA) and glucose + EAA.

	Control	Glucose	EAA	EAA+Glucose
Glucose mmol/L	4.1^a ± 0.20	5.5^bc ± 0.17	4.4^ac ± 0.14	5.3^c ± 0.20
Insulin ng/ml	0.6^a ± 0.03	1.1^b ± 0.10	0.6^a ± 0.05	0.9^a ± 0.10
IGF – 1 ng/ml	38.8^a ± 5.5	67.2^c ± 6.03	47.4^ac ± 3.93	80.0^b ± 6.55
GH ng/ml	5.4^a ± 0.81	5.8^a ± 0.50	4.7^a ± 0.50	5.3^a ± 0.34

Values are averages of 6 blood samples taken at hourly intervals except for GH where samples were collected every 15 min during the last 6 hours of the infusion. Values are means ± standard error of the mean (SEM). ^a,b,c Values within the same row with different superscripts are significantly different (P < 0.05)

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