Figure 1

Mean adjusted BMD (bone mineral density) of the total proximal femur in men and women with a high consumption of coffee (4 cups or more per day) by CYP1A2 polymorphism. The error bars indicate 95% confidence intervals (CI) and the p-values refer to comparisons between slow and rapid metabolizers at each site. Mean values are adjusted by age at the BMD measurement, height, weight, total caloric intake, vitamin D intake, vitamin A intake, calcium intake, alcohol intake, intake of tea (all continuous), smoking (never, current, former) and levels of leisure physical activity (low, medium, high).