Lack of association between dietary fructose and hyperuricemia risk in adults

Nutrition & Metabolism

Table 1 Subject Characteristics and Dietary Intakes by Hyperuricemic Status

N = 9,384	Hyperuricemia = No, n = 9,143 (Men = 4,227, Women = 4,916)			Hyperuricemia = Yes, n = 241 (Men = 158, Women = 83)
	Means	Median	SD	Means	Median	SD
Age†	41.51	40.00	16.21	46.77	46.00	17.40
BMI†	27.73	26.78	6.13	33.01	31.66	6.82
Energy (kcal/day, 1 kcal = 4.184 kJ)†	2317.5	2150.5	1056.6	2162.0	1979.9	950.4
Protein (g/day)	85.33	78.10	43.82	85.17	78.51	41.63
Total fat (g/day)†	86.54	78.02	47.44	77.91	69.49	37.98
% of energy	33.27	33.16	9.21	32.43	32.86	9.64
Saturated fat (g/day)†	28.57	25.28	17.07	25.80	23.11	13.63
% of energy	10.93	10.72	3.88	10.77	10.77	3.92
Carbohydrate (g/day)†	285.50	262.66	139.30	245.48	218.72	120.73
% of energy†	49.91	50.00	11.69	46.16	44.96	12.26
Total sugars (g/day)†	136.93	117.36	88.74	116.53	100.86	78.96
% of energy†	3.74	22.66	11.13	22.50	20.41	12.42
Natural unbound fructose (g/d)†	8.55	5.00	10.87	5.76	3.29	9.29
% of energy†	1.63	0.91	2.14	1.16	0.72	1.94
Added unbound fructose (g/d)	22.71	14.77	24.82	21.06	14.82	20.75
% of energy	3.81	2.65	3.71	3.98	3.23	3.74
All added fructose (g/day)†	42.44	33.15	34.98	37.32	30.59	29.50
% of energy	7.17	6.40	4.69	6.99	6.68	4.79
Total fructose (g/day)†	50.99	42.57	36.53	43.08	36.16	31.30
% of energy†	8.79	8.20	4.73	8.15	7.64	4.93
Fiber (g/day)†	15.96	13.89	10.33	12.51	11.24	9.12
Fruits/juices (g/day, n = 6580)*†	228.69	141.77	278.83	160.08	118.02	193.11
Vitamin C (mg/day)	95.23	59.55	111.97	80.58	48.20	105.06
Alcohol (g/day, n = 2506)*†	41.00	25.92	54.07	60.22	52.40	55.68
Caffeine (mg/day)*	200.60	129.00	233.12	174.42	119.35	186.84
Serum uric acid (mg/dL)†	5.21	5.20	1.32	8.85	8.70	0.77

† T-test P values < 0.05(under both of equal or unequal variance), for Vitamin C, P values = 0.067 and 0.053.
* Zero intakes are not included; serum uric acid 1 mg/dL = 59.48 μmol/L.

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