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Table 1 Clinical and dietary variables in all subjects combined and by ethnic group

From: Vitamin D intake is associated with insulin sensitivity in African American, but not European American, women

 

All (n = 252)

AA (n = 115)

EA(n = 137)

Age (yr)

34.5 ± 6.0

34.0 ± 6.1

34.8 ± 6.0

Weight (kg)

75.3 ± 8.8

74.5 ± 9.0

76.0 ± 8.6

Height (cm)

164.5 ± 6.5

163.6 ± 6.6

165.2 ± 6.3*

BMI (kg/m2)

27.7 ± 2.3

27.8 ± 2.4

27.7 ± 2.2

Total body fat (kg)

31.4 ± 6.6

32.0 ± 6.4

30.6 ± 6.4

Lean body mass (kg)

40.3 ± 4.1

40.3 ± 4.5

40.4 ± 3.8

Fasting glucose (mmol/l)‡

4.9 ± 0.3

4.8 ± 0.3

5.0 ± 0.3†

Fasting insulin (pmol/l)‡

77.8 ± 29.9

82.0 ± 35.4

75.0 ± 24.3

HOMA-IR‡

2.5 ± 1.0

2.6 ± 1.2

2.4 ± 0.8

SI [× 10-4min-1/(μIU/ml)]

3.6 ± 2.8

2.8 ± 2.0

4.3 ± 3.2†

Energy intake (kcal)

1767.2 ± 474.9

1687.2 ± 485.0

1834.3 ± 457.2*

% kcal from carbohydrates

48.1 ± 8.4

46.8 ± 8.8

49.1 ± 7.9*

% kcal from fat

36.8 ± 6.6

37.8 ± 6.8

35.9 ± 6.4*

% kcal from protein

15.5 ± 3.1

15.9 ± 3.1

15.3 ± 3.2

Vitamin D (IU/d)

125.5 ± 83.6

111.5 ± 74.8

133.7 ± 88.9*

Calcium (mg/d)

628.3 ± 279.5

507.9 ± 205.2

729.3 ± 293.8†

  1. Data are presented as mean ± SD. Abbreviations: AA, African American; EA, European American; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; SI, insulin sensitivity index. Statistical analyses were performed on log10-transformed data for SI, vitamin D, calcium, HOMA-IR, fasting glucose, and fasting insulin. P for difference between groups determined using a two-group t-test.
  2. *P < 0.05 for difference between ethnic groups
  3. †P < 0.001 for difference between ethnic groups
  4. ‡n = 114 AA
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Nutrition & Metabolism

ISSN: 1743-7075

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