Calcium from salmon and cod bone is well absorbed in young healthy men: a double-blinded randomised crossover design

Table 2 Proximal, mineral and elemental composition of different Ca sources.

Component	Salmon bone (protease)¹	Salmon bone (boiling)¹	Salmon bone (protease)	Cod bone (boiling)	Calcium supplement from Pharmacy or health store
					A	B	C	D ¹
Ash (g/100 g)	55.5	43	67.8	65.7	0	2.8	90.9	78.9
Protein (g/100 g)	36	35.7	26.6	32.4	0.46	0.50	0.74	0.56
Fat (g/100 g)	3.0	17.8	<0.2	7.9	0	0	0	0
Minerals (g/kg dry weight)
Ca	208	157	261	248	0.04	24	336	324
K	1.3	3.2	0.03	2.3	0.069	0.083	1.3	0.095
Mg	4.1	2.6	3.2	3.5	0.004	0.085	29	1.8
Na	1.9	3.1	2.1	6.0	0.024	0.28	5.9	0.27
P	156	89	151	180	<0.04	<0.04	0.95	0.77
Essential trace elements (mg/kg dry weight)
Cu	17.1	4.5	0.5	3.9	<0.3	<0.3	1.0	0.6
Fe	24	20	69	19	< 0.5	7.0	3500	150
I	0.28	<0.02	0.14	3.7	n.d.	0.11	16.2	0.06
Mn	66	36	3.2	28	<0.02	4.2	141.8	15.5
Se	0.3	0.4	0.5	0.4	<0.1	<0.1	0.2	<0.1
Zn	174	106	57	58	<0.1	0.5	8.4	1.9
Non-essential elements (mg/kg dry weight)
As	0.34	1.5	0.11	0.61	<0.01	0.01	2.53	1.07
Cd	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	0.12	0.08
Hg	0.01	0.02	<0.03	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01
Pb	0.11	0.05	<0.04	0.06	<0.02	0.03	3.03	0.09

Fish bones were rinsed for soft tissue by boiling or use of industrialised produced enzymes (proteases).
¹Malde et al. [11].