Figure 3

Anthocyanidins contained bilberry extracts that inhibited 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation. (A) Chemical structures of the five major anthocyanidins: pelargonidin, cyanidin, delphinidin, peonidin, and malvidin. (B) 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were induced to differentiate in the presence of DMSO, 100 μ g/mL of bilberry or 100 nM of the five anthocyanidins. On day 7, the cells were stained with Oil Red O and the lipid content in these cells was quantitatively determined (n = 3). Results are shown as the mean ± S.D. of the ratio of samples/control (* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.001, Welch's t-test). (C) 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were induced to differentiate in the presence of DMSO or 100 nM of delphinidin. The Srebp1c (day 2) and Ppar γ (day 7) mRNA levels were determined by the real-time RT-PCR (n = 3). β -actin was used as the reference gene (** p < 0.01, Welch's t-test).