|
Vitamin A
|
Plasma
|
Spectrophotometry [80]
|
|
Total Carotenes (alpha, beta, epsilon, gamma)
|
Plasma
|
Spectrophotometry [81]
|
|
Vitamin C (sum of reduced and oxidized forms)
|
Plasma
|
Spectrophotometry [82]
|
|
Vitamin D3 (25-hydroxy)
|
plasma
|
Measured in plasma by liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectroscopy (LC/MS/MS) [83]
|
|
Vitamin E (total tocopherols, including alpha, gamma1, gamma2)
|
serum
|
Spectrophotometry [84]
|
|
Vitamin K
|
plasma
|
Vitamin K was extracted from plasma by methylene chloride in a monophasic design, purified on a C-18 cartridge, separated on a reversed-phase column, and then detected fluorometrically [85]
|
|
Thiamine
|
Whole Blood
|
Microbiological Assay [86]
|
|
Riboflavin
|
Whole Blood
|
Microbiological Assay [87]
|
|
Niacin
|
Whole Blood
|
Microbiological Assay [88]
|
|
Pantothenic Acid
|
Whole Blood
|
Microbiological Assay [89]
|
|
P5P
|
RBC
|
Microbiological Assay [90]
|
|
Biotin
|
Whole Blood
|
Microbiological Assay [91]
|
|
Folic Acid
|
Serum
|
Microbiological Assay [92]
|
|
Vitamin B12
|
Plasma
|
Microbiological Assay [93]
|
|
Choline (Free and Total)
|
RBC
|
Microbiological Assay [94]
|
|
Alpha lipoic acid
|
Plasma
|
Microbiological Assay [95]
|
|
CoQ10
|
Plasma
|
Reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using hexane extraction on a C-18 column (15 cm, 5 micron) with methanol:hexane (95:5) as the mobile phase and UV detection [96]
|
|
Adenosine, Inosine, Uridine
|
Plasma
|
HPLC with 254 adsorption [97]
|
|
Formimino-glutaric acid (FIGLU)
|
Urine
|
Spectrophotometrically [98] after adjustment of specific gravity at neutral pH [99]
|
|
Kryptopyrole
|
Urine
|
Spectrophotometrically [100] after adjustment of specific gravity at neutral pH [99]
|
|
Methylmalonic Acid
|
Urine
|
Liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectroscopy (LC-MS/MS) with electrospray ionization [101], expressed per gram creatinine
|
|
N-methylnicotinamide
|
Urine
|
HPLC, with ultraviolet diode array detection [102], and the results are expressed per gram creatinine
|
|
Serum Ferritin
|
Serum
|
Immunometric assay with Immunlite 2000 (Diagnostics Product Corp., Los Angeles, California)
|
|
S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) and S-adenyosylhomocysteine (SAH)
|
RBC
|
Extracted from RBC [103] and measured by LCMS [104]
|
|
Glutathione (GSH and GSSG)
|
Plasma
|
Fluorescence detector [105]
|
|
Nitrotyrosine
|
Plasma
|
LCMS [106]
|
|
ATP
|
Plasma
|
Luciferin-luciferase assay [107]
|
|
NADH, NADPH
|
RBC
|
Spectrophotometry [108]
|
|
Sulfate (Free and Total)
|
Plasma
|
Using indirect atomic absorption spectrometry [109]
|
