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Table 5 Fatty acid composition of neutrophil extracts expressed as a percentage of total fatty acid content before and after dietary supplementation

From: Long-term aerobic exercise and omega-3 supplementation modulate osteoporosis through inflammatory mechanisms in post-menopausal women: a randomized, repeated measures study

Variables Groups

E+S

E

S

Con

P <

18:2§LA

     

Before

16.7 ± 2.8

17.1 ± 2.4

16.9 ± 3.4

17.2 ± 2.9

0.098

After

† 6.9 ± 3.5 2, 4

17.2 ± 2.7 1, 3

† 7.2 ± 3.8 2, 4

16.9 ± 3.1 1, 3

* 0.001

20:4§AA

     

Before

21.7 ± 6.1

22.2 ± 3.8

22.2 ± 4.3

22.4 ± 5.1

0.121

After

† 12.1 ± 4.2 2, 4

22.7 ± 5.9 1, 3

† 11.9 ± 6.2 2, 4

22.8 ± 5.4 1, 3

* 0.001

20:5§EPA

     

Before

0.3 ± 0.6

0.4 ± 0.6

0.3 ± 05

0.3 ± 0.2

0.446

After

† 4.9 ± 1.9 2, 4

0.3 ± 0.2 1, 3

† 4.4 ± 0.4 2, 4

0.4 ± 0.2 1, 3

*0.001

22:6§DHA

     

Before

1.9 ± 1.8

2.1 ± 1.4

2.0 ± 1.3

2.2 ± 1.2

0.331

After

† 4.9 ± 2.8 2, 4

2.0 ± 1.1 1, 3

5.1 ± 1.4 2, 4 †

2.1 ± 1.3 1, 3

*0.001

  1. E+S = Exercise + Supplement; E = Exercise; S = Supplement; Con = Control; LA = Linoleic acid; AA = Arachidonic acid; EPA = Eicosapentaenoic acid; DHA = Docosahexaenoic acid,
  2. § Ratios represent number of carbon-carbon double bounds. Superscripts denote significantly differences among the groups (E+S = 1; E = 2; S = 3; and Con = 4).
  3. † P < 0.05, significantly different from baseline values (within groups, baseline vs. week 24).
  4. Values are mean ± SD