Dietary patterns and odds of Type 2 diabetes in Beirut, Lebanon: a case–control study

Nutrition & Metabolism

Table 4 Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the association between dietary patterns and the odds of T2D in the study population

	Refined grains & desserts		Traditional Lebanese		Fast food		Meat & alcohol
	OR	95% CI	OR	95%CI	OR	95%CI	OR	95%CI
Model 1 ^*	2.94	1.26–6.84	0.53	0.31–0.91	2.09	1.28–3.41	1.05	0.69–1.59
Model 2 ^**	3.22	1.17–8.84	0.60	0.33–1.08	2.32	1.32–4.06	1.19	0.71–1.98
Model 3 ^***	3.85	1.31–11.23	0.46	0.22–0.97	2.80	1.41–5.59	1.43	0.83–2.46

^*Model 1 is adjusted for age (in years), sex (male, female), waist circumference (in cm), body fat (percentage), BMI (in Kg/m²), and energy (Calories).
^**Model 2 is adjusted for variables in model 1 as well as income per month (≤1.5 million L.L., >1.5 million L.L.; 1500 L.L is almost equivalent to $1 U.S.), smoking (smokers including current smokers, non smokers including non-smokers and past smokers), family history of T2D (yes vs. no), education (less than high school education and greater than high school education), marital status (single including single, divorced, and widowed, and married including currently married or living with a partner).
^***Model 3 is adjusted for variables in model 1 and model 2 as well as physical activity (low vs. middle to high levels), meals per day (1–2 vs. ≥ 3 meals per day), breakfast (frequency per week).

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