|
Have diarrhoea
|
Urgency to go to toilet for BM
|
Consider myself constipated
|
Time to have BM* (min)
|
---|
Stage
|
Mean
|
SEM
|
Mean
|
SEM
|
Mean
|
SEM
|
Mean
|
SEM
|
Non-cocoa
|
1.00a
|
0.07
|
3.28
|
0.08
|
1.34a
|
0.10
|
0.99a
|
0.10
|
Cocoa product A
|
0.79a
|
0.10
|
3.27
|
0.11
|
1.36a
|
0.14
|
0.98a
|
0.11
|
Cocoa product B
|
0.77a
|
0.09
|
3.43
|
0.09
|
1.16a
|
0.13
|
0.79a
|
0.13
|
|
p = 0.043
|
N.S.
|
p = 0.046
|
p = 0.016
|
- BM, bowel movement. A 4-point scale was used to answer where 0 = never, 1 = rarely, 2 = sometimes, 3 = frequently and 4 = always.
- Effects were evaluated using generalized estimating equations with repeated measures (stage) and one fixed factor (cocoa product) were applied. Where there was a significant main effect, post hoc Bonferroni tests were also used to analyse differences between means. * Time to have BM = duration of defecation.