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Table 1 Energy and macronutrient intakes in adults on the CARB and PRO diets 1

From: Effects of protein intake and gender on body composition changes: a randomized clinical weight loss trial

  

Baseline

4 months

12 months

  

CARB

PRO

CARB

PRO

CARB

PRO

Energy, MJ

F

8.73 ± 1.90

8.74 ± 1.47a

6.11 ± 1.29c

6.14 ± 1.06ac

6.23 ± 1.05c

6.48 ± 1.55ac

M

8.55 ± 2.78b

11.4 ± 3.20

6.61 ± 2.05c

7.45 ± 1.74c

7.68 ± 1.88

8.03 ± 1.67c

Protein, g/d

F

78 ± 18

78 ± 17a

64 ± 11bc

103 ± 23abc

64 ± 14b

101 ± 23abc

M

87 ± 28b

114 ± 43

75 ± 15bc

129 ± 26bc

76 ± 16b

134 ± 32bc

Protein, %E

F

15.0 ± 3.5

14.9 ± 3.3

17.5 ± 3.0

28.1 ± 6.3

17.2 ±3.8

26.1 ± 5.9

M

17.0 ± 5.5

16.8 ± 6.3

19.0 ± 3.8

29.0 ± 5.8

16.6 ±3.5

28.0 ± 6.7

Carbohydrate, g/d

F

268 ± 67

266 ± 60a

208 ± 47bc

154 ± 36c

210 ± 48bc

154 ± 43c

M

251 ± 82b

324 ± 118

244 ± 60b

172 ± 55c

267 ± 86b

185 ± 56c

Carbohydrate, %E

F

51.4 ± 12.9

51.0 ± 11.5

57.0 ± 12.9

42.0 ± 9.8

56.5 ± 12.9

39.8 ± 11.1

M

49.2 ± 16.1

47.6 ±17.3

61.8 ± 15.2

38.7 ±12.4

58.2 ± 18.8

38.6 ±11.7

Fat, g/d

F

77 ± 22

79 ± 23a

44 ± 14c

52 ± 10ac

49 ± 17c

60 ± 19ac

M

72 ± 30b

108 ± 40

42 ± 14bc

66 ± 17c

55 ± 18bc

74 ± 15c

Fat, %E

F

33.2 ± 9.5

34.1 ± 9.9

27.1 ± 8.6

31.9 ± 6.1

29.6 ± 10.3

34.9 ± 11.0

M

31.7 ± 13.2

35.7 ± 13.2

23.9 ± 8.0

33.4 ± 3.8

27.0 ± 8.8

34.7 ± 7.0

  1. 1 Values are mean ± SD, n = 130. %E = percentage of energy. Compared using an unstructured repeated measures model, α = 0.05, with no adjustment for multiple comparisons. a Differs from males within time and diet. b Differs from PRO within time and gender. c Differs from baseline within diet and sex. CARB = higher carbohydrate diet. PRO = higher protein diet. 4 month = 4 months of weight loss intervention from baseline. 12 months = 4 months of weight loss and additional 8 months of weight maintenance from baseline.