Micronutrient | Normal weight (BMI ≤ 25Kg/m2) | Overweight (BMI > 25Kg/m2) | Obesity(BMI > 30Kg/m2) | Overall | p 2 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Plasma zinc, μg/dL | 109 | 1.2 ± 0.6 | 200 | 1.2 ± 0.7 | 243 | 1.3 ± 0.8 | 552 | 1.2 ± 0.7 | 0.624 |
Plasma zinc < 70 μg/dL (%) | 19 | 17.4 | 33 | 16.5 | 45 | 18.5 | 97 | 17.6 | 0.856 |
Plasma ascorbic acid (Vitamin C), μg/mL | 105 | 5.4 ± 2.2 | 194 | 5.4 ± 2.2 | 214 | 5.1 ± 2.2 | 513 | 5.3 ± 2.2 | 0.205 |
Plasma ascorbic acid < 4 μg/mL (%) | 31 | 29.6 | 55 | 28.4 | 79 | 36.9 | 168 | 32.4 | 0.146 |
Plasma ascorbic acid < 2 μg/mL (%) | 3 | 2.9 | 11 | 5.7 | 12 | 5.6 | 26 | 5 | 0.256 |
Plasma retinol (Vitamin A), μg/dL | 113 | 46.2 ± 10.9 | 210 | 50.2 ± 10.8 | 250 | 48.2 ± 12.0 | 573 | 48.5 ± 11.4 | 0.100 |
Plasma retinol < 20 μg/dL (%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | * |
Plasma retinol < 10 μg/dL (%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0.4 | 1 | 0.2 | * |
Plasma a-tocopherol (Vitamin E), μg/mL | 113 | 6.7 ± 1.9 a | 210 | 7.7 ± 2.1 b | 250 | 7.6 ± 2.2 b | 573 | 7.5 ± 2.2 | <0.001 |
Vitamin E:lipids (μmol/mmol) | 113 | 3.0 ±0.9 | 247 | 2.9 ± 0.9 | 570 | 2.9 ± 0.9 | 570 | 2.9 ± 0.9 | 0.547 |
Vitamin E:lipids < 1.6 μmol/mmol (%) | 2 | 1.8 | 11 | 5.2 | 15 | 6.1 | 28 | 4.9 | 0.207 |