|
Dietary phytochemical index
| | | | | |
|
Range
|
< 842
|
842-958
|
959-1080
|
> 1080
| |
|
Median
|
764
|
906
|
1014
|
1161
| |
|
Energy intake (kcal/d)
|
2285 ± 29
|
2290 ± 29
|
2254 ± 29
|
2265 ± 29
|
0.80
|
|
Energy density(kcal/d)
|
107.9 ± 0.9
|
97.6 ± 0.9
|
91.3 ± 0.9
|
88.6 ± 0.9
|
<0.001
|
|
Carbohydrate (% of total energy)
|
58.1 ± 0.3
|
56.8 ± 0.3
|
57.2 ± 0.3
|
58.5 ± 0.3
|
0.21
|
|
Protein (% of total energy)
|
13.0 ± 0.1
|
13.7 ± 0.1
|
13.9 ± 0.1
|
13.9 ± 0.1
|
0.32
|
|
Fat (% of total energy)
|
30.5 ± 0.3
|
31.8 ± 0.3
|
31.7 ± 0.3
|
31.1 ± 0.3
|
0.09
|
|
Saturated fatty acid (% of total energy)
|
9.7 ± 0.2
|
10.8 ± 0.2
|
10.6 ± 0.2
|
10.6 ± 0.2
|
0.15
|
|
Mono-unsaturated fatty acid (% of total energy)
|
10.8 ± 0.1
|
11.0 ± 0.1
|
10.9 ± 0.1
|
10.5 ± 0.1
|
0.18
|
|
Poly-unsaturated fatty acid (% of total energy)
|
6.7 ± 0.1
|
6.7 ± 0.1
|
6.5 ± 0.1
|
6.2 ± 0.1
|
0.09
|
|
Vitamin A (mg/d)
|
422 ± 13
|
493 ± 13
|
547 ± 13
|
557 ± 13
|
<0.001
|
|
Total carotenoids (μg/d)
|
8677 ± 278
|
9731 ± 274
|
10725 ± 274
|
10874 ± 277
|
<0.001
|
|
Vitamin E (mg/d)
|
11.3 ± 0.2
|
11.6 ± 0.2
|
11.6 ± 0.2
|
12.2 ± 0.2
|
0.001
|
|
Vitamin C (mg/d)
|
109 ± 3.5
|
133 ± 3.5
|
158 ± 3.5
|
185 ± 3.5
|
<0.001
|
|
Zinc (mg/d)
|
10.6 ± 0.1
|
11.3 ± 0.1
|
11.7 ± 0.1
|
11.7 ± 0.1
|
<0.001
|
|
Selenium (μg/d)
|
111 ± 1.4
|
112 ± 1.4
|
112 ± 1.4
|
108 ± 1.4
|
0.10
|
|
Whole grains (g/d)
|
65.0 ± 4.3
|
87.1 ± 4.2
|
106.3 ± 4.2
|
116.1 ± 4.3
|
<0.001
|
|
Fruits (g/d)
|
223 ± 10
|
303 ± 10
|
405 ± 10
|
566 ± 10
|
<0.001
|
|
Vegetables (g/d)
|
275 ± 8
|
300 ± 8
|
309 ± 8
|
298 ± 8
|
0.028
|
|
Legumes (g/d)
|
12.5 ± 1.0
|
16.7 ± 0.9
|
18.4 ± 0.9
|
21.7 ± 1.0
|
<0.001
|
|
dairy (g/d)
|
329 ± 11
|
447 ± 11
|
516 ± 11
|
596 ± 11
|
<0.001
|
|
Nuts (g/d)
|
5.1 ± 0.4
|
5.9 ± 0.4
|
7.7 ± 0.4
|
9.9 ± 0.4
|
<0.001
|
