| |
Resistant starch (RS), % of diet weight
|
Main Effects (P-value)
|
|---|
| |
0%
|
4%
|
8%
|
12%
|
16%
|
RS
|
Phenotype
|
RS x Phenotype
|
|---|
|
Triglycerides2, mmol/L
|
1.4 ± 0.1 c
|
1.1 ± 0.1 bc
|
0.8 ± 0.1 ab
|
0.9 ± 0.1 ab
|
0.7 ± 0.1 a
|
0.0001
|
ns
|
ns
|
|
Free fatty acids2, mmol/L
|
0.30 ± 0.02
|
0.29 ± 0.02
|
0.32 ± 0.03
|
0.34 ± 0.04
|
0.30 ± 0.03
|
ns
|
ns
|
ns
|
|
Total cholesterol2, mmol/L
|
1.8 ± 0.1 c
|
1.8± 0.1 bc
|
1.6 ± 0.1 ab
|
1.5 ± 0.1 ab
|
1.5 ± 0.1 a
|
0.002
|
ns
|
ns
|
|
Leptin3, μg/L
|
14.7 ± 4.7 b
|
11.7 ± 1.1 ab
|
7.3 ± 4.5 a
|
8.3 ± 0.9 ab
|
5.3 ± 0.8 a
|
0.027
|
0.0424
|
ns
|
|
GLP-13, pg/mL
|
29 ± 4 a
|
47 ± 4 ab
|
70 ± 7 bc
|
76 ± 6 bc
|
95 ± 23 c
|
0.0001
|
ns
|
ns
|
|
PYY3, pg/mL
|
71 ± 14 a
|
137 ± 11 ab
|
230 ± 30 bc
|
222 ± 22 bc
|
297 ± 54 c
|
0.0001
|
ns
|
ns
|
|
GIP3, pg/mL
|
372 ± 57 a
|
165 ± 29 b
|
134 ± 25 b
|
176 ± 52 b
|
81 ± 18 b
|
0.001
|
ns
|
ns
|
- 1 Values are means ± SEM. Labelled means without a common letter differ, P < 0.05. ns = not significant, P > 0.05. GLP-1; glucagon-like peptide −1, PYY; polypeptide Y, GIP; gastric inhibitory peptide.
- 2n=16 (Obesity-prone; n=8, Obesity-resistant; n=8).
- 3n=8 (Obesity-prone; n=4, Obesity-resistant; n=4).
- 4 obesity-prone 11.7 ± 1.7 μg/L, obesity-resistant 7.3 ± 1.1 μg/L.
