Fig. 5

Effects of macrophage-derived MVs on glucose uptake and GLUT4 translocation in human adipocytes. a. The insulin-stimulated glucose uptake of treated differentiated adipocytes was measured by 2-NBDG assay. The relative fluorescence intensities minus the background levels were used for statistical analysis. b, c. The level of GLUT4 in plasma member (PM) fractions of human mature adipocytes (b) and differentiated adipocytes (c) was determined by western blotting. Adipocytes were treated with the indicated MVs for 24 h, and were then treated with or without 100 nM insulin for a further 20 min. Cells were homogenized, and PM fractions were obtained and subjected to immunoblotting with antibodies against GLUT4, or clathrin heavy chain, as indicated. Western blot images were analyzed using Bandscan software, and statistical analysis is presented below. *P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01 indicate a significant augmentation compared with the corresponding vehicle treated control. #P < 0.05 and ##P < 0.01 indicate significant a difference when compared with the indicated conditions