Fig. 6

Exercise training altered liver oxidative processes. a Gene sets positively enriched in the livers of trained mice as compared to untrained mice ranked according to normalized enrichment score (gene set enrichment analysis). The enrichment score reflects the degree to which a gene set is overrepresented at the top or bottom of a ranked list of genes. Normalization accounts for differences in gene set size and in correlations between gene sets and the expression dataset. The normalized enrichment score is most often used to compare analysis results across gene sets. b Gene expression changes in liver illustrated by heat map of positively enriched genes belonging to the gene set PPAR targets. c Immunoblot of AMPK and phospho-AMPK. d Expression of selected genes in liver of mice after 90 min on a non-moving treadmill or a running treadmill (12 m/min) [42], as determined by qPCR. Asterisk indicates statistically significant according to Student’s t-test (P < 0.05)