Comparative study of the modulation of fructose/sucrose-induced hepatic steatosis by mixed lipid formulations varying in unsaturated fatty acid content

Siddiqui, Rafat A.; Xu, Zhidong; Harvey, Kevin A.; Pavlina, Thomas M.; Becker, Michael J.; Zaloga, Gary P.

doi:10.1186/s12986-015-0038-x

Table 2 Plasma fatty acids (mg/ml; mean ± SD) of animals fed high carbohydrate diets

From: Comparative study of the modulation of fructose/sucrose-induced hepatic steatosis by mixed lipid formulations varying in unsaturated fatty acid content

Fatty acids^∆	Control (no added lipid)	SO	OOSO	MNO	FO
A. Starch diet
16:0	0.57 ± 0.07^a	0.66 ± 0.07	0.67 ± 0.14	0.77 ± 0.09	0.62 ± 0.06
16:1n-7	0.15 ± 0.02^a*†	0.17 ± 0.04*	0.21 ± 0.08*	0.22 ± 0.05*	0.11 ± 0.02†
18:0	0.17 ± 0.01^a	0.19 ± 0.03	0.18 ± 0.02	0.23 ± 0.04	0.25 ± 0.08
18:1n-9	0.51 ± 0.02^a*†	0.62 ± 0.10*†	0.71 ± 0.18*†	0.83 ± 0.15*	0.47 ± 0.02†
18:1n-7	0.12 ± 0.02^a	0.13 ± 0.03	0.15 ± 0.05	0.17 ± 0.05	0.07 ± 0.01
18:2n-6	0.35 ± 0.05^a*†	0.50 ± 0.05*	0.45 ± 0.06*	0.46 ± 0.08*	0.37 ± 0.02†
20:4n-6	0.19 ± 0.05^a	0.28 ± 0.02	0.24 ± 0.02	0.30 ± 0.06	0.22 ± 0.05
20:5n-3	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	0.24 ± 0.03*
22:6n-3	0.09 ± 0.02^a	0.13 ± 0.02	0.13 ± 0.02	0.12 ± 0.07	0.33 ± 0.09*
B. Sucrose diet
16:0	0.86 ± 0.05^b	0.60 ± 0.09	0.62 ± 0.06	0.63 ± 0.11	0.53 ± 0.02
16:1n-7	0.21 ± 0.04^a	0.16 ± 0.01	0.21 ± 0.02	0.21 ± 0.07	0.17 ± 0.03
18:0	0.24 ± 0.02^b	0.22 ± 0.03	0.19 ± 0.02	0.21 ± 0.03	0.18 ± 0.01
18:1n-9	1.21 ± 0.23^b	0.73 ± 0.13*,†	0.84 ± 0.12*,†	0.90 ± 0.13*	0.61 ± 0.10†
18:1n-7	0.24 ± 0.04^b	0.18 ± 0.03	0.21 ± 0.04	0.22 ± 0.01	0.13 ± 0.03
18:2n-6	0.31 ± 0.04^a†	0.41 ± 0.07*	0.41 ± 0.04*	0.36 ± 0.07*†	0.22 ± 0.03§
20:4n-6	0.22 ± 0.05^a	0.28 ± 0.05	0.27 ± 0.04	0.29 ± 0.06	0.16 ± 0.02*
20:5n-3	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	0.16 ± 0.03*
22:6n-3	0.11 ± 0.02^a	0.14 ± 0.02	0.13 ± 0.02	0.14 ± 0.02	0.24 ± 0.03*
C. Fructose diet
16:0	0.54 ± 0.32^a	0.71 ± 0.09	0.79 ± 0.08	0.69 ± 0.40	0.74 ± 0.15
16:1n-7	0.12 ± 0.07^a	0.17 ± 0.05	0.24 ± 0.05	0.22 ± 0.13	0.17 ± 0.03
18:0	0.19 ± 0.11^a,b	0.27 ± 0.02	0.23 ± 0.01	0.20 ± 0.11	0.22 ± 0.04
18:1n-9	0.80 ± 0.47^a,b	0.70 ± 0.11	0.97 ± 0.13	0.80 ± 0.45	0.78 ± 0.07
18:1n-7	0.15 ± 0.09^a,b	0.16 ± 0.04	0.24 ± 0.03*	0.20 ± 0.12	0.02 ± 0.02†
18:2n-6	0.20 ± 0.12^a	0.50 ± 0.12	0.42 ± 0.04	0.35 ± 0.21	0.27 ± 0.06
20:4n-6	0.18 ± 0.10^a	0.33 ± 0.05	0.29 ± 0.04	0.21 ± 0.12	0.22 ± 0.06
20:5n-3	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	0.19 ± 0.05*
22:6n-3	0.08 ± 0.05^a	0.16 ± 0.03	0.14 ± 0.01	0.12 ± 0.07	0.33 ± 0.09*

^∆Fatty acids with levels greater than 1 % of total fatty acids. Different alphabets (a, b) represent a statistical difference at P <0.05 between carbohydrate diets (no added lipids) whereas different symbols (*,†,§) represent a statistical difference between control and emulsion groups within each carbohydrate dietary group. Groups with the same alphabet letters or symbols are not statistically different from each other

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