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Table 4 The odd ratios of different fatness indices and vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency in men and women

From: Higher visceral fat area increases the risk of vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency in Chinese adults

Gender

Fatness indices

Crude model

Adjusted modela

OR (95 % CI)

P-Value

OR (95 % CI)

P-Value

Men

Visceral fat area

    

Q1(<89.95 cm2)

1.0

 

1.0

 

Q2(89.95–115.72 cm2)

2.059(0.990–4.281)

0.053

1.320(0.476–3.662)

0.594

Q3(115.72–140.46 cm2)

3.987(1.900–8.364)

0.000

2.424(0.916–6.417)

0.075

Q4(≥140.46 cm2)

7.667(3.495–16.817)

0.000

4.894(1.792–13.365)

0.002

Continuous

1.025(1.016–1.034)

 

1.719(1.251–2.361)

 

P-value for trend

0.000

 

0.001

 

Body mass index

    

<28 kg/m2

1.0

 

1.0

 

≥28 kg/m2

3.930(2.162–7.142)

0.000

2.857(1.360–6.001)

0.006

Waist circumference

    

<90 cm

1.0

 

1.0

 

≥90 cm

3.007(1.809–4.998)

0.000

2.199(1.130–4.279)

0.020

Waist-to-hip ratio

    

<0.90

1.0

 

1.0

 

≥0.90

3.802(2.210–6.539)

0.000

2.052(1.010–4.169)

0.047

Pre-menopausal women

Visceral fat area

    

Q1(<53.15 cm2)

1.0

 

1.0

 

Q2(53.15–66.18 cm2)

1.240(0.781–1.968)

0.361

1.097(0.644–1.868)

0.735

Q3(66.18–84.47 cm2)

1.257(0.803–1.068)

0.317

1.215(0.717–2.059)

0.469

Q4(≥84.47 cm2)

2.338(1.478–3.697)

0.000

1.837(1.051–3.210)

0.033

Continuous

1.013(1.008–1.018)

 

1.265(1.037–1.543)

 

P-value for trend

0.000

 

0.030

 

Body mass index

    

<28 kg/m2

1.0

 

1.0

 

≥28 kg/m2

3.921(1.952–7.875)

0.000

3.052(1.430–6.514)

0.004

Waist circumference

    

<80 cm

1.0

 

1.0

 

≥80 cm

1.809(1.297–2.523)

0.000

1.647(1.121–2.419)

0.011

Waist-to-hip ratio

    

<0.85

1.0

 

1.0

 

≥0.85

1.487 (1.081–2.046)

0.015

1.281(0.878–1.871)

0.199

Post-menopausal women

Visceral fat area

    
 

Q1(<71.55 cm2)

1.0

 

1.0

 
 

Q2(71.55–91.97 cm2)

0.813(0.392–1.686)

0.577

0.912 (0.359–2.319)

0.847

 

Q3(91.97–115.73 cm2)

1.153(0.550–2.418)

0.706

1.254(0.506–3.106)

0.625

 

Q4(≥115.73 cm2)

1.800(0.829–3.909)

0.137

2.326(0.903–5.991)

0.080

 

Continuous

1.010(1.001–1.019)

 

1.012(1.002–1.022)

 
 

P-value for trend

0.028

 

0.024

 
 

Body mass index

    
 

<28 kg/m2

1.0

 

1.0

 
 

≥28 kg/m2

1.577(0.691–3.598)

0.279

1.379(0.548–3.470)

0.494

 

Waist circumference

    
 

<80 cm

1.0

 

1.0

 
 

≥80 cm

1.391(0.814–2.377)

0.228

1.522(0.780–2.969)

0.218

 

Waist-to-hip ratio

    
 

<0.85

1.0

 

1.0

 
 

≥0.85

1.413(0.776–2.573)

0.258

1.540(0.732–3.241)

0.255

  1. aAdjusted for age, smoking status, drinking status, exercise status, sunshine time and lipid profiles