Table 1 Baseline characteristics of participants in men, women and total population; Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS) (2001–2012)

Age, years

54.23(10.07)

55.46(10.73)

53.18(9.36)

<0.001

BMI, kg/m2

27.86(4.59)

26.24(3.89)

29.24(4.69)

<0.001

WC, cm

92.78(11.17)

91.26(10.5)

93.46(11.42)

<0.001

SBP, mm Hg

126.78(21.16)

125.96(20.8)

127.47(21.45)

0.008

DBP, mm Hg

80.13(11.49)

79.35(11.88)

80.8(11.10)

<0.001

FPG, mmol/L

5.89(2.22)

5.77(1.96)

5.99(2.41)

<0.001

TC, mmol/L

5.73(1.22)

5.45(1.10)

5.98(1.26)

<0.001

LDL-C, mmol/ L

3.97(1.02)

3.97(0.93)

4.12(1.07)

<0.001

HDL-C, mmol/ L

1.08(0.28)

0.99(0.25)

1.15(0.29)

<0.001

Non-HDL-C, mmol/ L

4.46(1.20)

4.46(1.10)

4.2(1.25)

<0.001

TGs, mmol/ L

1.87(1.33)

1.84(1.35)

1.90(1.31)

0.06

TC/HDL-C

5.63(1.77)

5.82(1.83)

5.46(1.70)

<0.001

TGs/HDL-C

1.81(1.67)

1.95(1.85)

1.70(1.50)

<0.001

Current smoker, n (%)

862(15.6)

727(28.7)

135(4.5)

<0.001

Low physical activity, n (%)

4401(79.8)

2082(82.2)

2319(77.7)

<0.001

Education level, n (%)

<0.001

  ≥ 12 years

490(8.9)

368(14.6)

122(4.1)

 6-11 years

1939(35.2)

1065(42.1)

874(29.3)

  < 6 years

3082(55.9)

1096(43.3)

1986(66.6)

Prevalent CVD, n (%)

464(8.4)

252(10.0)

212(7.1)

<0.001

Prevalent CKD, n (%)

1617(29.3)

494(19.5)

1123(37.6)

<0.001

Glucose tolerance, n (%)

0.003

 Normal glucose tolerance

3022(57.3)

1442(59.5)

1580(55.4)

 Prediabetes

1445(27.4)

647(26.7)

798(28.0)

 Diabetes

806(15.3)

333(13.7)

473(16.6)

Blood pressure status, n (%)

<0.001

 Normotension

1714(31.1)

862(34.0)

852(28.5)

 Prehypertension

1832(33.2)

862(34.0)

970(32.5)

 Hypertension

1972(35.7)

808(31.9)

1164(39.0)

Hypertension drug, n (%)

769(13.9)

230(9.1)

539(18.1)

<0.001

Lipid lowering drugs, n (%)

306(5.5)

83(3.3)

223(7.5)

<0.001

Diabetes drug, n (%)

424(7.7)

152(6.0)

272(9.1)

<0.001