Skip to main content

Table 3 Association of ACE(I/D) genotype/allele frequencies with hypertension, obesity, insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome

From: Angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion/deletion polymorphism association with obesity and some related disorders in Egyptian females: a case-control observational study

Groups (n)

DD

ID + II

Significance

D allele

I allele

Significance

OH (28)

19 (67.9 %)

9 (32.1 %)

χ 2 = 2.898

p = 0.41

45 (80.4 %)

11 (19.6 %)

χ 2 = 2.64

p = 0.45

ON (23)

14 (60.9 %)

9 (39.1 %)

35 (76.1 %)

11 (23.9 %)

LH (12)

9 (75.0 %)

3 (25.0 %)

21 (87.5 %)

3 (12.5 %)

LN (17)

8 (47.1 %)

9 (53.9 %)

24 (70.6 %)

10 (29.4 %)

Obese BMI (51)

33 (64.7 %)

18 (35.3 %)

χ 2 = 0.29

p = 0.59

80 (78.4 %)

22 (21.6 %)

χ 2 = 0.015

p = 0.90

Normal BMI (29)

17 (58.6 %)

12 (41.4 %)

45 (77.6 %)

13 (22.4 %)

Large WC (57)

37 (64.9 %)

20 (35.1 %)

χ 2 = 0.49

p = 0.48

90 (78.9 %)

24 (21.1 %)

χ 2 = 0.16

p = 0.69

Normal WC (23)

13 (56.5 %)

10 (43.5 %)

35 (76.1 %)

11 (23.9 %)

Large WHR (55)

37 (67.3 %)

18 (32.7 %)

χ 2 = 1.71

p = 0.19

89 (80.9 %)

21 (19.1 %)

χ 2 = 1.6

p = 0.21

Normal WHR (25)

13 (52.0 %)

12 (48.0 %)

36 (72.0 %)

14 (28.0 %)

Large WHtR (69)

43 (62.3 %)

26 (37.7 %)

Fisher's Exact:

p = 1.00

107 (77.5 %)

31 (22.5 %)

χ 2 = 0.20

p = 0.65

Normal WHtR (11)

7 (63.6 %)

4 (36.4 %)

18 (81.8 %)

4 (18.2 %)

Large C-index (44)

32 (72.7 %)

12 (27.3 %)

χ 2 = 3.26

p = 0.071

74 (84.1 %)

14 (15.9 %)

χ 2 = 3.07  p = 0.08

Normal C-index (36)

18 (50.0 %)

18 (50.0 %)

51 (70.8 %)

21 (29.2 %)

Hypertensive (40)

28 (70.0 %)

12 (30.0 %)

χ 2 = 1.92

p = 0.17

66 (82.5 %)

14 (17.5 %)

χ 2 = 1.79

p = 0.18

Normotensive (40)

22 (55.0 %)

18 (45.0 %)

59 (73.8 %)

21 (26.2 %)

Insulin resistant (62)

39 (62.9 %)

23 (37.1 %)

χ 2 = 0.02

p = 0.89

99 (79.8 %)

25 (20.2 %)

χ 2 = 0.95

p = 0.33

Insulin sensitive (18)

11 (61.1 %)

7 (38.9 %)

26 (72.2 %)

10 (27.8 %)

Positive MetS (45)

27 (60.0 %)

18 (40.0 %)

χ 2 = 0.27

p = 0.6

69 (76.7 %)

21 (23.3 %)

χ 2 = 0.26

p = 0.61

No MetS (35)

23 (65.7 %)

12 (34.3 %)

56 (80.0 %)

14 (20.0 %)

  1. Data are presented as number (percentage), n (%)
  2. OH obese hypertensive subjects, ON obese normotensive subjects, LH lean hypertensive subjects, LN lean normotensive control subjects, BMI body mass index, WC waist circumference, WHR waist/hip ratio, WHtR waist/height ratio, C-index conicity index, MetS metabolic syndrome, DD homozygous deletion genotype, ID heterozygous insertion deletion genotype, II homozygous insertion genotype, D deletion allele, I insertion allele