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Table 3 Glycemic and hormonal responses during oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) in study arm 2

From: Hormonal responses to non-nutritive sweeteners in water and diet soda

Variable

Seltzer water (mean ± SD)

Diet Rite Cola™ (mean ± SD)

Diet Mountain Dew™ (mean ± SD)

Sucralose and Ace-K (mean ± SD)

p-value (ANOVA)

Active GLP-1 AUC (pmol/L/120 min)

1142.9 ± 702.8

1274.5 ± 781.8**

1268.5 ± 739.7

1173.2 ± 755.0

0.087

Active GLP-1 Peak (pmol/L)

14.3 ± 8.1

16.1 ± 9.9

14.5 ± 6.5

14.4 ± 8.6

0.53

Time to Active GLP-1 Peak (minutes)

24.2 ± 24.7

20.0 ± 13.6

23.0 ± 13.7

25.2 ± 22.9

0.73

GIP AUC (pg/mL/120 min)

30926.1 ± 14737.3

33652.6 ± 22175.9

31624.2 ± 16665.2

32132.3 ± 20268.2

0.62

GIP Peak (pg/mL)

335.8 ± 158.9

367.5 ± 260.1

329.6 ± 167.1

351.4 ± 266.5

0.43

Time to GIP Peak (minutes)

60.3 ± 35.5

55 ± 30.7

62.3 ± 40.1

55.5 ± 35.2

0.76

Glucose AUC (umol/L/120 min)

850.2 ± 142.8

873.3 ± 171.4

843.3 ± 170.5

880.6 ± 163.2

0.40

Glucose Peak (umol/L)

8.0 ± 1.4

8.4 ± 1.6

8.1 ± 1.7

8.4 ± 1.6

0.25

Time to Glucose Peak (minutes)

43.5 ± 28.8

44 ± 32.0

37.0 ± 24.4

41.3 ± 24.9

0.45

Insulin AUC (pmol/L/120 min)

55538.4 ± 28652.2

69164.8 ± 44218.6

67883.8 ± 41168.7

68039.7 ± 44373.7

0.53

Insulin Peak (pmol/mL)

734.7 ± 409.9

876.1 ± 490.8

862.4 ± 521.1

882.6 ± 535.5

0.33

Time to Insulin Peak (minutes)

53.9 ± 35.3

53.4 ± 33.1

48.6 ± 29.5

51.0 ± 30.0

0.74

C-Peptide AUC (nmol/L/120 min)

327.7 ± 105.1

342.7 ± 105.9

336.3 ± 109.5

338.7 ± 108.5

0.69

C-Peptide Peak (nmol/L)

3.4 ± 1.1

3.6 ± 1.1

3.5 ± 1.2

3.6 ± 1.2

0.31

Time to C-Peptide Peak (minutes)

76.8 ± 33.7

67.7 ± 30.9

66.0 ± 34.4

67.1 ± 31.9

0.31

Insulin Sensitivity Index

1.29 ± 1.17

1.30 ± 1.06

1.50 ± 1.24

1.43 ± 1.04

0.87

  1. **p < 0.05, *p < 0.01 data presented as pairwise comparisons between each NNS preload and the seltzer water control