|
Placebo (n = 73)
|
Anthocyanin (n = 73)
|
P-valueb
|
---|
Baseline
|
12 wk
|
24 wk
|
Mean change, % (95% CI)a
|
Baseline
|
12 wk
|
24 wk
|
Mean change, % (95% CI)a
|
---|
hsCRP (mg/L)
|
2.26
|
2.23
|
2.19
|
−2.5
|
2.25
|
1.95
|
1.74
|
−21.6
|
0.001
|
(0.97 to 3.72)
|
(1.08 to 3.76)
|
(0.93 to 3.82)
|
(−7.0 to 2.1)
|
(1.06 to 4.25)
|
(0.92 to 2.84)c
|
(0.86 to 2.60)
|
(–37.5 to –5.7)d
|
TNF-α (pg/mL)
|
18.0 ± 6.0
|
19.1 ± 6.7
|
18.5 ± 5.4
|
2.8 (−3.4 to 9.1)
|
18.7 ± 6.4
|
17.9 ± 5.1
|
18.4 ± 5.6
|
−1.6 (−5.6 to 3.4)
|
0.673
|
IL-1β (pg/mL)
|
4.77 ± 1.71
|
4.23 ± 0.91
|
4.71 ± 1.60
|
−1.3 (−5.3 to 2.7)
|
5.18 ± 2.11
|
4.62 ± 1.20c
|
4.51 ± 1.60c
|
−12.8 (−24.4 to −1.2)d
|
0.019
|
sP-selectin (ng/mL)
|
149.9 ± 42.7
|
139.9 ± 39.0
|
139.9 ± 39.0
|
−2.4 (−15.4 to 10.6)
|
150.9 ± 37.0
|
144.4 ± 35.3
|
134.6 ± 32.8
|
−5.9 (−17.7 to 6.0)d
|
0.027
|
- The data are expressed as the mean ± SD
- No significant differences in any variable were observed between the two groups at baseline, as determined using unpaired Student’s t-test
-
a Calculated as (value at week 24 – value at baseline)/value at baseline × 100
-
b The effects of the intervention on these variables were evaluated by repeated-measures ANOVA
-
c
P < 0.05 vs. baseline, as assessed by paired Student’s t-test
-
d
P < 0.05 vs. percentage changes in the placebo group, as assessed by unpaired Student’s t-test