Table 1 Demographics and characteristics of all randomized participants
|  | L-Carnitine-combination N = 14 | L-Carnitine N = 14 | Placebo N = 14 | P Valueσ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (Years) | ||||
 Mean ± SD | 61.1 ± 4.0 (14) | 61.1 ± 4.0 (14) | 57.2 ± 2.7 (14) | 0.006§ |
Gender [n (%)] | ||||
 Female | 9 (64%) | 8 (57%) | 10 (71%) | 0.919 |
 Male | 5 (36%) | 6 (43%) | 4 (29%) | |
Alcohol Use [n (%)] | ||||
 Daily | 2 (14%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0.787 |
 None | 4 (29%) | 3 (21%) | 4 (29%) | |
 Occasionally | 4 (29%) | 6 (43%) | 6 (43%) | |
 Weekly | 4 (29%) | 5 (36%) | 4 (29%) | |
Smoking Status [n (%)] | ||||
 Ex-Smoker | 0 (0%) | 4 (29%) | 2 (14%) | 0.138 |
 Non-Smoker | 14 (100%) | 10 (71%) | 12 (86%) | |
Race [n (%)] | ||||
American | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (7%) | 0.904 |
 Eastern European White | 1 (7%) | 1 (7%) | 0 (0%) | |
 North American Indian/Aboriginal | 1 (7%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | |
 South American | 1 (7%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (7%) | |
 Western European White | 11 (79%) | 13 (93%) | 12 (86%) | |
Ethnicity [n (%)] | ||||
 Hispanic or Latino | 1 (7%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (7%) | 1.000 |
 Not Hispanic or Latino | 13 (93%) | 14 (100%) | 13 (93%) |  |
 Regularly Exercise [n (%)] | ||||
 No | 9 (64%) | 10 (71%) | 5 (36%) | 0.218 |
 Yes | 5 (36%) | 4 (29%) | 9 (64%) | |
Weight Change in Past 3 Months [n (%)] | ||||
 Gain | 2 (14%) | 0 (14%) | 0 (0%) | 0.679 |
 Loss | 1 (7%) | 1 (7%) | 2 (14%) | |
 No Change | 11 (79%) | 13 (93%) | 12 (86%) | |
Weight (Kg) | ||||
 Mean ± SD | 76.7 ± 13.3 (14) | 73.0 ± 12.9 (14) | 73.7 ± 9.8 (14) | 0.760 |
BMI (Kg/m2) | ||||
 Mean ± SD | 27.71 ± 2.75 (14) | 25.92 ± 3.06 (14) | 26.57 ± 2.56 (14) | 0.241 |