Table 1 Anthropometric and biochemical characterization of the population according to sex and race
Total | Black male (n = 82) | Black female (n = 80) | White male (n = 79) | White female (n = 77) | Effects | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sex | Race | Sex x race | |||||||
n | Mean (SEM) | Mean (SEM) | Mean (SEM) | Mean (SEM) | Mean (SEM) | p-value | p-value | p-value | |
Age (years) | 318 | 11.4 (0.1) | 11.8 (0.1) | 10.5 (0.1) | 12.1 (0.1) | 11.0 (0.1) | <0.0001 | 0.0006 | 0.5396 |
Anthropometry | |||||||||
Weight (kg) | 318 | 47.5 (0.7) | 49.4 (1.4) | 48.0 (1.3) | 48.0 (1.5) | 44.4 (1.1) | 0.1181 | 0.0647 | 0.5113 |
Height (m) | 318 | 1.51 (0.01) | 1.52 (0.01) | 1.48 (0.01) | 1.54 (0.01) | 1.49 (0.01) | <0.0001 | 0.1555 | 0.7783 |
BMI-for-age (percentile) | 318 | 68.3 (1.6) | 72.1 (2.9) | 77.6 (3.1) | 56.9 (3.6) | 66.5 (3.1) | 0.1036 | 0.0013 | 0.3239 |
Body fat (%) | 301 | 29.9 (0.6) | 25.5 (1.0) | 33.2 (0.9) | 28.3 (1.1) | 33.3 (1.0) | <0.0001 | 0.1386 | 0.1832 |
Biochemistry | |||||||||
Leptin (ng/mL) | 305 | 11.1 (0.6) | 8.1 (0.9) | 16.0 (1.2) | 8.7 (1.2) | 11.6 (0.9) | <0.0001 | 0.0269 | 0.4041 |
ucOC (ng/mL) | 170 | 30.6 (1.4) | 20.3 (2.4) | 27.6 (2.6) | 39.8 (1.7) | 41.8 (3.1) | 0.1415 | <0.0001 | 0.1805 |
Total osteocalcin (ng/mL) | 303 | 33.3 (0.7) | 38.5 (1.5) | 35.5 (1.6) | 29.8 (0.9) | 29.5 (0.8) | 0.1457 | <0.0001 | 0.2302 |
Glucose (mg/dL) | 317 | 89.0 (0.4) | 89.4 (0.8) | 89.4 (0.8) | 89.1 (0.8) | 87.9 (0.8) | 0.4352 | 0.2441 | 0.4378 |
Insulin (μU/mL) | 318 | 20.3 (0.6) | 18.9 (0.8) | 25.9 (1.5) | 18.1 (1.4) | 18.0 (0.9) | 0.0006 | <0.0001 | 0.0236 |
HOMA-β | 317 | 307.3 (13.9) | 301.5 (31.8) | 389.4 (36.6) | 263.4 (20.7) | 274.2 (13.2) | 0.0007 | 0.0015 | 0.1704 |
HOMA-IR | 317 | 4.5 (0.1) | 4.2 (0.2) | 5.7 (0.3) | 4.0 (0.3) | 4.0 (0.2) | 0.0020 | < 0.0001 | 0.0257 |