Table 3 Unadjusted regression analysis: Percentage difference in markers of glucose metabolism associated with, (a) Early-pregnancy 25OHD < 30 nmol/L, and (b) first antenatal visit in extended winter

HOMA-IR early

18.5%

0.17

(−0.04, 0.39)

0.110

31.1%

0.27

(0.08, 0.46)

0.006

HOMA-IR 28 weeks

11.6%

0.11

(−0.13, 0.39)

0.371

21.9%

0.20

(0.00, 0.40)

0.051

Insulin early (μU/mL)

16.2%

0.15

(−0.06, 0.35)

0.173

30.6%

0.27

(0.08, 0.45)

0.005

Insulin 28 weeks (μU/mL)

7.3%

0.07

(−0.16, 0.30)

0.528

19.2%

0.18

(−0.02, 0.37)

0.074

Fasting glucose early (mmol/L)

0.03

(−0.06, 0.12)

0.541

−0.02

(−0.09, 0.05)

0.566

Fasting glucose 28 weeks (mmol/L)

0.09

(−0.02, 0.21)

0.112

0.07

(−0.03, 0.17)

0.157

1-h GCT 28 weeks (mmol/L)

0.04

(−0.32, 0.41)

0.824

−0.03

(−0.34, 0.29)

0.864