Table 4 Multiple Linear Regression analysis and associated percentage difference in markers of glucose metabolism (Model 1 unadjusted, and Model 2 adjusted)
From: Season and vitamin D status are independently associated with glucose homeostasis in pregnancy
Model 1 – Unadjusted model | Model 2 – Final Adjusted model | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dependent Variable | Independent variable (early pregnancy) | % ∆a | B | 95% CI | P | Model P | % ∆a | B | 95% CI | P | Model P |
HOMA-IR early | Winter | 32.8% | 0.28 | (0.08, 0.49) | 0.008 | 0.008 | 46.72% | 0.38 | (0.15, 0.62) | 0.001 | <0.001 |
25OHD <30 nmol/L | 11.6% | 0.11 | (−0.11, 0.32) | 0.325 | 11.64% | 0.11 | (−0.14, 0.36) | 0.382 | |||
HOMA-IR 28 weeks’ | Winter | 29.7% | 0.26 | (0.04, 0.49) | 0.024 | 0.051 | 53.70% | 0.43 | (0.17, 0.69) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
25OHD <30 nmol/L | 4.1% | 0.04 | (−0.20, 0.28) | 0.753 | 3.00% | 0.03 | (−0.25, 0.31) | 0.837 | |||
Insulin early (μU/mL) | Winter | 32.4% | 0.28 | (0.08, 0.48) | 0.007 | 0.010 | 47.57% | 0.39 | (0.16, 0.62) | 0.001 | <0.001 |
25OHD <30 nmol/L | 8.3% | 0.08 | (−0.14, 0.29) | 0.474 | 8.16% | 0.08 | (−0.17, 0.32) | 0.530 | |||
Insulin 28 weeks (μU/mL) | Winter | 25.9% | 0.23 | (0.01, 0.46) | 0.041 | 0.102 | 49.53% | 0.40 | (0.14, 0.66) | 0.003 | 0.002 |
25OHD <30 nmol/L | 1.0% | 0.01 | (−0.22, 0.24) | 0.927 | −0.17% | 0.00 | (−0.28, 0.28) | 0.991 | |||
Fasting glucose early (mmol/L) | Winter | −0.02 | (−0.11, 0.06) | 0.583 | 0.713 | −0.04 | (−0.13, 0.06) | 0.435 | 0.021 | ||
25OHD <30 nmol/L | 0.03 | (−0.06, 0.13) | 0.469 | 0.06 | (−0.04, 0.16) | 0.257 | |||||
Fasting glucose 28 weeks (mmol/L) | Winter | 0.07 | (−0.04, 0.18) | 0.185 | 0.118 | 0.13 | (0.00, 0.26) | 0.045 | 0.015 | ||
25OHD <30 nmol/L | 0.08 | (−0.04, 0.19) | 0.208 | 0.15 | (0.01, 0.29) | 0.041 | |||||
1-h GCT 28 weeks (mmol/L) | Winter | 0.04 | (−0.31, 0.39) | 0.806 | 0.946 | 0.02 | (−0.41, 0.45) | 0.930 | 0.688 | ||
25OHD <30 nmol/L | 0.03 | (−0.35, 0.41) | 0.873 | 0.02 | (−0.45, 0.50) | 0.923 | |||||