Table 3 The assess of association between alpha-lipoic acid supplementation on inflammatory markers based on subgroup analysis
Variables | Number of SMD included | Subgroups | Pooled OR (random effect) | 95% CI | I2 (%) | overall I2(%) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CRP | Geographic area | 6 | Asia | −1.20 | −2.02, − 0.38 | 90.8 | 93.7 |
5 | European | −2.52 | −4.26, −0.78 | 94.8 | |||
1 | USA | −0.46 | − 0.98, 0.07 | – | |||
1 | Oceania | 0.05 | −0.41, 0.51 | – | |||
Dosage of ALA (mg/day) | 4 | < 600 | −1.29 | −2.16, −0.42 | 81.4 | ||
9 | ≥600 | −1.64 | −2.61, −0.66 | 95.4 | |||
Type of intervention | 9 | ALA | −1.63 | −2.67, −0.58 | 95.3 | ||
4 | ALA plus other nutrients | −1.30 | −2.10, −0.50 | 85.0 | |||
Duration of study (week) | 10 | ≥8 | −1.50 | −2.35, −0.65 | 94.4 | ||
3 | < 8 | −1.63 | −2.93, −0.32 | 88.6 | |||
Type of diseases | 3 | Diabetic | −1.63 | −2.93, −0.32 | 88.6 | ||
10 | Other | −1.50 | −2.35, −0.65 | 94.4 | |||
IL-6 | Geographic area | 4 | Asia | −2.18 | −3.34, −1.02 | 88.7 | 90.6 |
6 | European | −1.75 | −2.71, −0.78 | 87.4 | |||
3 | USA | −4.10 | −7.68, −0.52 | 96.3 | |||
1 | Oceania | −0.26 | −0.72, 0.20 | – | |||
1 | Africa | −0.57 | −1.17, 0.03 | – | |||
Dosage of ALA (mg/day) | 5 | < 600 | −3.59 | −5.50, −1.68 | 94.8 | ||
10 | ≥600 | −1.22 | − 1.70, −0.74 | 78.4 | |||
Type of intervention | 8 | ALA | −2.00 | −2.88, −1.11 | 90.9 | ||
7 | ALA plus other nutrients | −1.98 | −3.01, −0.95 | 91.7 | |||
Duration of study (week) | 8 | ≥8 | −1.07 | − 1.62, −0.52 | 85.1 | ||
7 | < 8 | −3.30 | −4.61, −1.99 | 89.9 | |||
Type of diseases | 2 | Diabetic | −3.40 | −5.13, −1.66 | 75.1 | ||
13 | Other | −1.72 | −2.35, − 1.09 | 89.5 | |||
TNF-α | Geographic area | 3 | Asia | −2.44 | −4.67, −0.21 | 95.9 | 94.3 |
5 | European | −2.63 | −3.87, −1.39 | 87.2 | |||
1 | Oceania | −0.34 | − 0.80, 0.12 | – | |||
1 | Africa | −6.35 | −8.16, −4.54 | – | |||
Dosage of ALA (mg/day) | 1 | < 600 | −2.14 | −2.77, −1.51 | – | ||
9 | ≥600 | −2.71 | −3.94, − 1.48 | 94.7 | |||
Type of intervention | 6 | ALA | −2.56 | −4.08, −1.03 | 95.8 | ||
4 | ALA plus other nutrients | −2.73 | −4.26, −1.20 | 89.3 | |||
Duration of study (week) | 5 | ≥8 | −2.78 | −4.57, −0.99 | 96.8 | ||
5 | < 8 | −2.40 | −3.46, −1.33 | 80.2 | |||
Type of diseases | 3 | Diabetic | −4.68 | −7.82, −1.55 | 92.8 | ||
7 | Other | −1.89 | −3.04, −0.73 | 94.0 | |||