Fig. 1

Effect of nutritional programming on dams and male offspring weight. a) Animal model. We fed female Wistar rats for 9 weeks according to the schedule to promote maternal programming or we fed offspring with hypercaloric diet exposure after weaning. b) Maternal body weight was followed for 6 weeks (pre-mating, mating and gestation) (Control n = 7, HFD n = 7, CAF n = 6 and HSD n = 4). c) Birth weight of offspring at day 0. d) Body weight after weaning for Control versus HFD-C, CAF-C, HSD-C for maternal programming groups, where HFD, CAF and HSD are maternal diet and C is control chow diet of offspring. e) Body weight after weaning for Control versus offspring fed with HFD, CAF and HSD after weaning (HFD-HFD, CAF-CAF, HSD-HSD groups). Data are means ± SD. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 and ***p < 0.001