Fig. 2

STRING analysis to unravel interactions between FNDC5 with SIRT1, PPARγ, Pgc-1α, and TFAM proteins in human. As detailed in materials and methods, low-confidence interactions in STRING (string-db.org) indicated interaction among SIRT1, PPARγ, Pgc-1α, and TFAM proteins in mouse. TFAM and its downstream proteins including COX4I1, COX4I2, COX5A, ATP5A1, and ATP5B are shown. Also there were strong interactions with SIRT1, PPARγ, Pgc-1α and mTOR signaling components as evidenced that mTOR components are regulated by BCAAs. Moreover, there is an evidence for interaction between proteins involved in BCAAs metabolism and ATP5A1 (a mitochondrial protein). This schematic representation evidences that there is a coordination between energy expenditure proteins and mTOR signaling components as well as amino acid carriers, mitochondrial proteins and enzymes in BCAAs metabolism