Fig. 3

Scheme of the interaction of AGEs with RAGE and AGER1 under conditions with different AGE loads, a) a low AGEs burden, and b) an overload of AGEs. AGER1, AGE receptor 1; AP-1, activator protein 1; Cdc42-Rac, cell division control protein 42 homolog-Rac; ERK 1/2, extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1 and 2; FOXO, forkhead box protein O subclass; JAK/STAT, Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription; JNK, c-Jun N-terminal kinases; NADPH, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate; NF-κB, nuclear factor kappa B; p38 MAPK, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases; RAGE, receptor for AGEs; SIRT1, sirtuin-1; TIRAP-MyD88, toll-interleukin 1 receptor domain containing adaptor protein and myeloid differentiation primary response protein 88. Adapted from Poulsen et al.(2013) [15]