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Table 3 Risks for hypertension based on BMI and metabolic status as defined by MetS components or insulin resistance among men and women: Tehran lipid and Glucose study

From: Sex specific impact of different obesity phenotypes on the risk of incident hypertension: Tehran lipid and glucose study

 

N (event)

Model 1a

Model 2b

Model 3c

  

HR

95% CI

HR

95% CI

HR

95% CI

Men

 Defined by MetS componentsc

  Metabolically healthy normal weight

369(66)

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

  Metabolically healthy overweight

81(19)

1.37

0.82–2.28

1.19

0.71–1.99

0.98

0.58–1.71

  Metabolically healthy obese

7(3)

3.20

1.00–10.21

2.31

0.72–7.44

1.53

0.44–5.29

  Metabolically unhealthy normal weight

322 (98)

1.50

1.09–2.05

1.07

0.78–1.48

1.03

0.75–1.43

  Metabolically unhealthy overweight

568(216)

2.05

1.55–2.71

1.32

0.98–1.76

1.05

0.72–1.52

  Metabolically unhealthy obese

193(91)

2.65

1.93–3.64

1.63

1.16–2.27

1.06

0.61–1.83

 Defined by insulin resistanced

  Insulin sensitive normal weight

612(144)

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

  Insulin sensitive overweight

426(145)

1.49

1.18–1.87

1.21

0.96–1.53

0.98

0.73–1.34

  Insulin sensitive obese

84(38)

1.88

1.31–2.69

1.46

1.01–2.09

0.95

0.54–1.66

  Normal weight with insulin resistance

79(20)

1.27

0.79–2.03

0.88

0.55–1.43

0.85

0.52–1.37

  Overweight with insulin resistance

223(90)

1.88

1.44–2.44

1.26

0.95–1.66

0.99

0.69–1.42

  Obese with insulin resistance

116(56)

2.44

1.79–3.33

1.62

1.17–2.24

1.04

0.60–1.78

Women

 Defined by MetS componentsc

  Metabolically healthy normal weight

629(75)

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

  Metabolically healthy overweight

473(81)

1.19

0.86–1.63

1.08

0.79–1.48

0.99

0.69–1.41

  Metabolically healthy obese

129(51)

2.72

1.89–3.89

2.42

1.69–3.48

1.96

1.16–3.32

  Metabolically unhealthy normal weight

130(54)

2.73

1.91–3.90

2.02

1.40–2.91

1.98

1.37–2.86

  Metabolically unhealthy overweight

388(168)

3.14

2.38–4.15

2.29

1.72–3.04

2.08

1.49–2.90

  Metabolically unhealthy obese

370(200)

3.81

2.9–5.01

2.55

1.92–3.38

2.06

1.27–3.30

 Defined by insulin resistance

  Insulin sensitive normal weight

522(86)

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

  Insulin sensitive overweight

444(104)

1.19

0.89–1.58

1.09

0.82–1.46

0.99

0.71–1.37

  Insulin sensitive obese

183(85)

2.17

1.61–2.94

1.79

1.32–2.43

1.42

0.89–2.27

  Normal weight with insulin resistance

237(43)

1.29

0.89–1.86

1.15

0.79–1.67

1.14

0.79–1.65

  Overweight with insulin resistance

417(145)

2.11

1.61–2.76

1.63

1.24–2.14

1.46

1.06–2.02

  Obese with insulin resistance

316(166)

3.04

2.34–3.96

2.09

1.61–2.74

1.63

1.01–2.62

  1. MetS, metabolic syndrome; BMI, body mass index; N, number; HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval
  2. aModel 1, adjusted for age; bModel 2, adjusted for model 1 plus current smoking status, low physical activity, diabetes mellitus, family history of premature CVD, SBP, Phase of recruitment and eGFR; cModel 3, adjusted for model 2 plus BMI dParticipants considered as metabolically healthy if they had ≤ 1 of the JIS components. dInsulin resistance was defined as a HOMA-IR ≥ 2.17 among men and HOMA-IR≥ 1.85 among women [23].
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Nutrition & Metabolism

ISSN: 1743-7075

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