Evidence for liver energy metabolism programming in offspring subjected to intrauterine undernutrition during midgestation

Table 3 Physical and blood biochemical parameters of the fetuses at 100 d of gestation and postnatal kids at 90 d

	Fetuses				Kids
	C^a	R^a	SEM^b	P value	C	R	SEM	P value
Males, n	7	6			3	4
Body weight, kg	664.4	529.7	44.05	0.060	9.8	7.8	0.93	0.19
Liver weight, g	40.9	32.3	3.51	0.12	198.7	145.9	20.48	0.14
Liver weight relative to BW, g/100 g	6.14	6.09	0.209	0.88	2.01	2.01	0.073	0.97
Albumin, g/L	19.22	18.20	0.573	0.28	40.12	43.94	1.046	0.062
Glucose, mmol/L	2.46	1.09	0.980	0.38	3.69	2.56	0.569	0.23
Triglyceride, mmol/L	0.72	0.50	0.047	0.024	0.56	0.68	0.080	0.34
Growth hormone, μg/L	92.13	78.22	2.631	0.008	11.13	14.28	0.683	0.031
IGF-I^c, μg/L	48.17	51.43	6.277	0.73	131.26	83.91	35.114	0.40
IGF-II^c, μg/L	21.49	25.49	2.111	0.22	ND^d	ND
Insulin, μIU/mL	7.34	5.52	1.651	0.47	8.64	8.91	0.353	0.63
Glucagon, ng/L	32.83	32.77	1.283	0.98	31.50	31.57	6.927	0.99
Cortisol, μg/L	10.06	13.04	2.301	0.39	78.83	136.69	5.149	0.001
Females, n	3	4			5	4
Body weight, kg	569.2	624.7	40.57	0.39	8.8	7.2	0.62	0.11
Liver weight, g	37.5	37.6	2.36	0.98	173.8	138.3	17.70	0.21
Liver weight relative to BW, %	6.56	6.04	0.186	0.12	2.01	2.02	0.101	0.99
Albumin, g/L	–	–			42.85	39.79	1.951	0.31
Glucose, mmol/L	–	–			2.98	2.65	0.326	0.50
Triglyceride, mmol/L	–	–			0.56	0.51	0.117	0.79
Growth hormone, μg/L	82.80	78.95	6.915	0.78	17.49	17.77	2.714	0.94
IGF-I, μg/L	55.66	75.49	16.595	0.53	100.07	87.13	15.976	0.59
IGF-II, μg/L	20.60	26.23	1.383	0.18	ND	ND
Insulin, μIU/mL	6.81	5.86	0.680	0.44	8.58	8.86	0.627	0.76
Glucagon, ng/L	34.58	33.29	0.906	0.43	34.79	33.14	5.074	0.83
Cortisol, μg/L	18.91	18.63	3.167	0.96	108.52	138.97	16.311	0.24

^aThe C group of dams was fed 100% of their nutrient requirements as outlined in the Chinese Meat Goat Requirements (2004). The R group of dams was fed 60% of the intake of the C group from 55 to 100 d of gestation and then realimented to 100%. The dams and fetuses were harvested at 100 d of gestation; the kids were weaned at 60 d and harvested 90 d after birth
^bSEM pooled standard error of the mean
^cInsulin-like growth factor 1 or 2
^dND not detected

ISSN: 1743-7075