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Table 5 Adjusted meditative effect of z-score of three children’s adiposity indices for the association between maternal overweight and history of hypertension, and z-score of children’s blood pressure in 3316 Chinese school students

From: Parental overweight and hypertension are associated with their children’s blood pressure

Mediator

Effect

Overweight

History of hypertension

SBP z-score

DBP z-score

SBP z-score

DBP z-score

 

Total effect

0.2 (0.08, 0.32)

0.19 (0.09, 0.3)

0.3 (0.06, 0.54)

0.31 (0.11,0.5)

BMI z-score

Indirect

0.19 (0.14, 0.23)

0.11 (0.08, 0.14)

0.16 (0.08, 0.23)

0.11 (0.06, 0.17)

Direct

0.02 (−0.13, 0.16)

0.09 (− 0.03,0.2)

0.14 (− 0.11, 0.4)

0.19 (− 0.02, 0.4)

Proportion

92.2%

55.6%

52.0%

37.3%

WC z-score

Indirect

0.1 (0.07, 0.14)

0.06 (0.04, 0.08)

0.15 (0.08, 0.21)

0.08 (0.04, 0.12)

Direct

0.1 (−0.02, 0.22)

0.14 (0.03, 0.24)

0.15 (−0.08, 0.38)

0.22 (0.03, 0.42)

Proportion

50.7%

29.6%

49.3%

27.5%

PBF z-score

Indirect

0.11 (0.07, 0.14)

0.07 (0.04, 0.09)

0.17 (0.1, 0.24)

0.11 (0.06, 0.16)

Direct

0.09 (−0.0.03, 0.21)

0.13 (0.02, 0.23)

0.13 (−0.1, 0.36)

0.2 (0.002, 0.39)

Proportion

53.8%

35.7%

56.9%

36.0%

  1. Paternal overweight includes overweight and obese (BMI ≥ 24.0 kg/m2). SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure. BMI body mass index,WC waist circumference, PBF percentage of body fat
  2. Adjusted for age (y) and sex, height (cm), birth weight (g), infant feeding (breastfeeding, part breastfeeding or bottle-feeding), physical activities (< 1 h or ≥ 1 h per day), night sleep duration (< 9 h or ≥ 9 h per day), consumption of carbonated beverage (≤3 or ≥ 4 bottles per week), western fast food (≤4 or ≥ 5 times per month), traditional Chinese fried food (≤4 or ≥ 5 times per week), and processed meat (≤4 or ≥ 5 times per week)
  3. Proportion of meditative effect = indirect effect/total effect*100%