|
Maternal characteristics
|
|
Maternal age at delivery (years)
|
28 (25–31)**
|
28 (26–31)
|
28 (25–31)**
|
28 (26–31)
|
28 (25–31)**
|
28 (26–32)
|
|
≤ 25 [N(%)]
|
1558 (25.99%)**
|
1168 (20.95%)
|
1577 (25.03%)**
|
1153 (21.86%)
|
1604 (25.73%)**
|
1122 (21.05%)
|
|
26–29 [N(%)]
|
2461 (41.05%)
|
2401 (43.07%)
|
2633 (41.79%)
|
2227 (42.22%)
|
2576 (41.33%)
|
2282 (42.81%)
|
|
≥ 30 [N(%)]
|
1976 (32.96%)**
|
2005 (35.97%)
|
2091 (33.19%)**
|
1895 (35.92%)
|
2053 (32.94%)**
|
1927 (36.15%)
|
|
BMI at delivery (kg/m2)
|
26.95 (25–29.30)
|
26.95 (24.98–29.38)
|
26.95 (24.97–29.30)
|
26.99 (25–29.36)
|
26.99 (25–29.30)
|
26.95 (24.97–29.36)
|
|
< 25 [N(%)]
|
1461 (24.65%)
|
1399 (25.32%)
|
1600 (25.63%)
|
1262 (24.19%)
|
1512 (24.53%)
|
1347 (25.49%)
|
|
≥25 [N(%)]
|
4467 (75.35%)
|
4126 (74.68%)
|
4643 (74.37%)
|
3955 (75.81%)
|
4652 (75.47%)
|
3937 (74.51%)
|
|
Gravidity
|
|
< 3 [N(%)]
|
4138 (69.02%)**
|
4086 (73.30%)
|
4403 (69.88%)**
|
3825 (72.51%)
|
4306 (69.08%)**
|
3914 (73.42%)
|
|
≥3 [N(%)]
|
1857 (30.98%)**
|
1488 (26.70%)
|
1898 (30.12%)**
|
1450 (27.49%)
|
1927 (30.92%)**
|
1417 (26.58%)
|
|
Parity
|
|
No child [N(%)]
|
3309 (55.20%)**
|
3638 (65.27%)
|
3629 (57.59%)**
|
3321 (62.96%)
|
3454 (55.41%)**
|
3489 (65.45%)
|
|
≥1 child [N(%)]
|
2686 (44.80%)**
|
1936 (34.73%)
|
2672 (42.41%)**
|
1954 (37.04%)
|
2779 (44.59%)**
|
1842 (34.55%)
|
|
Gestational age at delivery (week)
|
38.72 ± 1.62
|
38.66 ± 1.72
|
38.76 ± 1.54*
|
38.61 ± 1.81
|
38.73 ± 1.60
|
38.65 ± 1.74
|
|
Systolic BP at delivery (mmHg)
|
120 (110–129)**
|
120 (110–130)
|
120 (110–129)**
|
120 (110–130)
|
120 (110–129)**
|
120 (110–130)
|
|
Diastolic BP at delivery(mmHg)
|
72 (70–79)**
|
73 (70–80)
|
72 (70–80)**
|
73 (70–80)
|
72 (70–79)**
|
73 (70–80)
|
|
Delivery mode
|
|
Vaginal delivery
|
3412 (56.91%)
|
2951 (52.94%)
|
3573 (56.71%)
|
3081 (58.41%)
|
3529 (56.62%)
|
3122 (58.56%)
|
|
Cesarean section
|
2583 (43.09%)
|
2334 (41.87%)
|
2728 (43.29%)
|
2194 (41.59%)
|
2704 (43.38%)
|
2209 (41.44%)
|
|
Inflammation (hsCRP > 5 mg/L)
|
1329 (22.17%)**
|
1639 (29.4%)
|
1465 (23.25%)**
|
1507 (28.57%)
|
1394 (22.36%)**
|
1572 (29.49%)
|
|
Anemia (hemoglobin < 110 g/L)
|
2032 (33.89%)**
|
396 (7.1%)
|
1735 (27.54%)**
|
692 (13.12%)
|
2070 (33.21%)**
|
356 (6.85%)
|
|
GDM
|
389 (6.49%)**
|
580 (10.41%)
|
539 (8.55%)
|
429 (8.13%)
|
429 (6.88%)**
|
539 (10.11%)
|
|
ICP
|
301 (5.02%)**
|
415 (7.45%)
|
448 (7.11%)**
|
268 (5.08%)
|
333 (5.34%)**
|
383 (7.18%)
|
|
PE
|
147 (2.45%)**
|
249 (4.47%)
|
190 (3.02%)*
|
208 (3.94%)
|
163 (2.62%)**
|
233 (4.37%)
|
|
PIH
|
107 (1.78%)**
|
139 (2.49%)
|
133 (2.11%)
|
113 (2.14%)
|
114 (1.83%)**
|
132 (2.48%)
|
|
PTB
|
383 (6.39%)*
|
411 (7.37%)
|
365 (5.79%)**
|
432 (8.19%)
|
389 (6.24%)**
|
404 (7.58%)
|
|
Newborn characteristics
|
|
Sex
|
|
Female
|
2829 (47.19%)
|
2623 (47.06%)
|
2984 (47.36%)
|
2473 (46.88%)
|
2985 (47.89%)
|
2465 (46.24%)
|
|
Male
|
3166 (52.81%)
|
2951 (52.94%)
|
3317 (52.64%)
|
2802 (53.12%)
|
3248 (52.11%)
|
2866 (53.76%)
|
|
Birth length (cm)
|
49.88 ± 1.30**
|
49.74 ± 1.55
|
49.91 ± 1.22**
|
49.70 ± 1.64
|
49.89 ± 1.28**
|
49.72 ± 1.58
|
|
Birth weight (g)
|
3390 (3110–3680)**
|
3320 (3030–3610)
|
3380 (3100–3680)**
|
3320 (3020–3600)
|
3390 (3100–3680)**
|
3320 (3030–3600)
|
|
< 2500
|
213 (3.55%)**
|
304 (5.45%)
|
209 (3.32%)**
|
310 (5.88%)
|
211 (3.39%)**
|
306 (5.74%)
|
|
2500–4000
|
5276 (88.01%)
|
4923 (88.32%)
|
5544 (87.99%)
|
4660 (88.34%)
|
5484 (87.98%)
|
4710 (88.35%)
|
|
> 4000
|
506 (8.44%)**
|
347 (6.23%)
|
548 (8.70%)**
|
305 (5.78%)
|
538 (8.63%)**
|
315 (5.91%)
|
|
Weight for gestational age
|
|
SGA
|
428 (7.14%)**
|
595 (10.67%)
|
480 (7.62%)**
|
544 (10.31%)
|
440 (7.06%)**
|
583 (10.94%)
|
|
AGA
|
4538 (75.70%)
|
4217 (75.65%)
|
4714 (74.81%)
|
4045 (76.68%)
|
4705 (75.49%)
|
4045 (75.88%)
|
|
LGA
|
1029 (17.16%)**
|
762 (13.67%)
|
1107 (17.57%)**
|
686 (13.00%)
|
1088 (17.46%)**
|
703 (13.19%)
|
