| |
Male
|
Female
|
p*
|
|---|
|
No. of subjects
|
74
|
94
| |
|
Age (y), mean (SD)
|
38.4 ± 6.6
|
38.1 ± 7.9
|
0.760
|
|
Weight (kg), mean (SD)
|
89.6 ± 11.2
|
73.4 ± 8.0
|
< 0.001
|
|
BMI (kg/m2), mean (SD)
|
30.0 ± 2.8
|
28.8 ± 3.0
|
0.011
|
|
Systolic BP (mm Hg), mean (SD)
|
134.1 ± 15.2
|
120.6 ± 16.3
|
< 0.001
|
|
Diastolic BP (mm Hg), mean (SD)
|
88.7 ± 12.1
|
78.4 ± 12.2
|
< 0.001
|
|
Hypertension, n (%)
|
19 (20.4)
|
42 (53.2)
|
< 0.001
|
|
Diabetes, n (%)
|
3 (3.3)
|
5 (6.5)
|
0.332
|
|
Dyslipidemia, n (%)
|
18 (19.4)
|
26 (32.5)
|
0.048
|
|
Smoking status, n (%)
| | |
0.042
|
|
Smoker
|
13 (16.3)
|
6 (6.4)
| |
|
None-smoker
|
67 (83.8)
|
88 (93.6)
| |
|
Medication, n (%)
|
|
Aspirin
|
0 (0)
|
0 (0)
|
–
|
|
Antihypertensive drugs
|
10 (12.5)
|
3 (3.2)
|
0.021
|
|
Hypolipidemic drugs
|
5 (6.3)
|
2 (2.1)
|
0.168
|
|
Insulin
|
0 (0)
|
0 (0)
|
–
|
|
Oral hypoglycemic drugs
|
2 (2.5)
|
2 (2.1)
|
0.870
|
|
Vitamin
|
8 (10.0)
|
9 (9.6)
|
0.925
|
|
Minerals
|
6 (7.5)
|
7 (7.4)
|
0.989
|
|
Education level, (%)
| | |
0.478
|
|
University
|
63 (78.8)
|
78 (83.0)
| |
|
High school
|
17 (21.3)
|
16 (17.0)
| |
|
Primary school
|
0 (0)
|
0 (0)
| |
|
Marital status, (%)
| | |
0.352
|
|
Single
|
6 (7.5)
|
11 (11.7)
| |
|
Married
|
74 (92.5)
|
83 (88.3)
| |
|
Widowed
|
0 (0)
|
0 (0)
| |
|
VFA (cm2)
|
126.0 ± 34.3
|
145.0 ± 30.9
|
< 0.001
|
- BMI body mass index, BP blood pressure, VFA visceral fat area. Data are given as means (SD) for continuous variables and percentages for categorical variables; p < 0.05 indicates statistical significance. *p-values calculated by analysis of variance or χ2 tests
