Fig. 3

RSV attenuated PA-induced injury by inducing autophagy in HUVECs. HUVECs were pretreated with RSV (10 μM for 2 h) in the presence or absence of 3-MA (5 mM for 2 h), which we used to inhibit RSV-induced autophagy, followed by treatment with PA (200 μM for another 24 h). a Autophagosome formation was tested by TEM analysis after treatment as above. Arrows indicate the autophagosomes. Bar charts show the number of autophagosomes per cells of each experimental group. b The protein expression of LC3 II and P62 were analyzed by western blotting. c Bar charts show the quantification of endogenous LC3 II and P62. Values are presented as means ± SD (n = 3); *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 compared between the marked groups